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A man's inspirational fight to live after losing everything in a bushfire | 60 Minutes Australia

Original YouTube Video | 60MinutesAU Published on 2023-06-12 Level：79 Speed：44 maxwordlevel：24

Video vocabulary

away

US / ə'weɪ /

•

UK / əˈwe /

adjecitve
Not present
adverb
Disappear completely
Doing something with a lot of energy
Not here; far from here; in a different direction
To a different area, location

model

US / ˈmɒdl /

•

UK / ˈmɑ:dl /

adjecitve
Being an excellent example of
noun
Person who wears fashion to show it to the public
A small scale copy of a full original
verb
To wear and display clothes at a fashion show
To make a small scale copy of a full original

month

US / mʌnθ /

•

UK / mʌnθ /

noun
One of 12 28-31 day periods in the year

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

young

US / jʌŋ /

•

UK / jʌŋ /

adjecitve
At an early stage of existence; not mature
Being recently created or started
noun
Babies in a group or family of animals

bloke

US / bləʊk /

•

UK / blok /

noun
A man; a guy

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

loss

US / lɒs /

•

UK / lɔ:s /

noun
Friend, family, or other loved person's death
Decrease or decline in quantity or amount
Experience or state of failing to have or keep
A situation when you lose a game
Process of failing to have or keep something
Difficulty or trouble caused by someone's leaving
Situation when more money is spent than is earned

decency

US / ˈdi:snsi /

•

UK / ˈdisənsi /

noun
Behavior that is good, moral and acceptable

father

US / ˈfɑ:ðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfɑðɚ /

noun
A male parent
Man who is the first to do or invent something
verb
To create a child by making a woman pregnant

commission

US / kə'mɪʃn /

•

UK / kəˈmɪʃən /

noun
Money paid for a service, e.g. money exchanging
An official role or title in the military
Group officially put in charge of e.g. education
Order for a specific piece of work, usually of art
verb
To hire someone, order work to be done for payment

his

US / hɪz /

•

UK / hɪz /

pronoun
Something belonging to a male person

enormity

US / ɪˈnɔ:məti /

•

UK / ɪˈnɔ:rməti /

noun
Great size; great importance, as of a crime

trunk

US / trʌŋk /

•

UK / trʌŋk /

noun
Long nose of an elephant
Trunks shorts worn for swimming
Strong box/chest/container, as for traveling
Main thick and woody stem of a tree

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

foot

US / fʊt /

•

UK / fʊt /

noun
Base of something such as a mountain or vase
Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

town

US / taʊn /

•

UK / taʊn /

noun
Small city
Part of city with shops and entertainments

ash

US / æʃ /

•

UK / æʃ /

noun
Gray powder left after a fire

community

US / kə'mju:nətɪ /

•

UK / kəˈmjunɪti /

noun
Group of people who share a common idea or area

comprehend

US / ˌkɒmprɪ'hend /

•

UK / ˌkɑmprɪˈhɛnd /

verb
To understand the meaning of

confine

US / kənˈfaɪn /

•

UK / kənˈfaɪn /

verb
To hold or imprison someone in a place
Limit to your movements or behavior s

nor

US / nɔ:(r) /

•

UK / nɔr /

conjunction
Not this or that; also not

rang

US / ræŋ /

•

UK / ræŋ /

verb
To draw a circular shape or mark around something
To make a loud, noisy constant sound
To produce a sound from a bell, alarm or telephone
To call someone using a phone

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

smoke

US / sməʊk /

•

UK / smoʊk /

noun
Grey gas from fires and cigarettes
Fog of air coming from e.g. a cigarette, fire
verb
To give off a cloud of grey gas from burning
To add a taste to food by putting it near a fire
To breathe in through a cigarette, etc.

challenge

US / 'tʃælɪndʒ /

•

UK / ˈtʃæləndʒ /

noun
An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
Act of formally inviting someone to compete
A question to determine correctness of something
verb
To formally invite someone to compete at something
To question the correctness of something

full

US / fʊl /

•

UK / fʊl /

adjecitve
Containing all the parts; complete
Containing or holding as much as possible
Having had enough food
adverb
In a direct manner; completely

horrific

US / həˈrɪfɪk /

•

UK / hɔˈrɪfɪk, hɑ- /

adjecitve
Terrifying and shocking

hear

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

verb
To be aware of sound; to perceive with the ear
To be told or find out information or facts
To consider or listen to a court case

resurgent

US / rɪˈsɜ:dʒənt /

•

UK / rɪˈsə:dʒənt /

adjecitve
Rising again as to new life and vigor

notice

US / 'nəʊtɪs /

•

UK / ˈnotɪs /

noun
Time by when you must leave, e.g. if you are fired
Paper with an announcement, e.g. pinned to a board
verb
To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing

pure

US / pjʊə(r) /

•

UK / pjʊr /

adjecitve
Not mixed with anything else
Being morally good

anzac

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
Australian and New Zealand soldier in World War I

commotion

US / kəˈməʊʃn /

•

UK / kəˈmoʊʃn /

noun
Sudden noisy excitement

induce

US / ɪn'dju:s /

•

UK / ɪnˈdus, -ˈdjus /

verb
To make someone do something; create an outcome
To make a woman give birth by giving her medicine

problem

US / ˈprɒbləm /

•

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

adjecitve
Causing trouble
noun
Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
Question to show understanding of a math concept

raise

US / reɪz /

•

UK / rez /

noun
Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
Pay increase
verb
To increase a bet above another when playing cards
To gather donations for a cause or charity
To bring up and educate a child to maturity
To bring a dead person to life
To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
To increase (salary, etc.)
To grow or care for plants or animals

ross

US / /

•

UK / /

other
A politician in Wyoming who was the first woman governor in the United States

alive

US / ə'laɪv /

•

UK / əˈlaɪv /

adjecitve
Living; not dead

almost

US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /

•

UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /

adverb
Only a little less than, nearly, not quite

cover

US / 'kʌvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʌvɚ /

noun
A different version of another song
Bed sheets; blankets
(Police or military) protection from attack
Amount of money to be paid in an insurance claim
Thing you put over something to close or hide it
Front and back part of a book or magazine
Shelter built to protect from the natural elements
verb
To record a different version of another song
To include as part of its area
To put something over something to hide it
To discuss a subject in a talk or meeting
To form a layer over something so it is hidden
To have sufficient funds to pay for something
To include something within an agreed limit
To report news on TV, radio or in a newspaper
(Police or military) to protect from attack
To travel a certain distance in a given time
To wrap something with something, such as a cloth

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

desperately

US / 'despərətlɪ /

•

UK / ˈdɛspərɪtlɪ /

adverb
In a way that shows you don't have much hope

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

plan

US / plæn /

•

UK / plæn /

noun
Drawing of how something should be done or made

machine

US / mə'ʃi:n /

•

UK / məˈʃin /

noun
Piece of equipment used to do work
Powerful group who control and organize things
verb
To shape, work on something, using a device

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

scar

US / skɑ:(r) /

•

UK / skɑr /

noun
Long lasting emotional pain from a bad experience
A mark on something made by scratching it
verb
To cause long lasting emotional pain
To leave a mark on something by scratching it

bit

US / bɪt /

•

UK / bɪt /

noun
Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
Small piece of something
verb
(E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught

believe

US / bɪ'li:v /

•

UK / bɪˈliv /

verb
To think or accept that something is true
To have a particular opinion about something

country

US / ˈkʌntri /

•

UK / ˈkʌntri /

noun
An area of land that is controlled by a government
Open land that is away from towns and cities

endure

US / ɪn'djʊə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈdʊr, -ˈdjʊr /

verb
To last for a long time; continue to exist
To accept difficulties without struggle

laker

US / ˈleɪkə /

•

UK / ˈlekɚ /

noun
A lake trout.
A ship constructed for carrying cargo on the Great Lakes.

human

US / 'hju:mən /

•

UK / ˈhjumən /

adjecitve
Concerning or characteristic of people
noun
A person; a man, woman or child

nature

US / 'neɪtʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnetʃɚ /

noun
Person's character or particular way of behaving
Basic look, feel or function of something
Physical world, including plants, animals, rocks

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

joy

US / dʒɔɪ /

•

UK / dʒɔɪ /

noun
Deep happiness and pleasure about something
Thing or person that causes pleasure or happiness
verb
To experience happiness or to be glad

paddock

US / ˈpædək /

•

UK / ˈpædək /

noun
Place where horses are kept by their owner

sear

US / sɪə(r) /

•

UK / sɪr /

other
To make a strong, unpleasant impression on
verb
To use high heat to quickly burn the surface of
To make a strong, unpleasant impression on

thank

US / θæŋk /

•

UK / θæŋk /

verb
To tell someone you are grateful to them

bring

US / brɪŋ /

•

UK / brɪŋ /

verb
To take or go with someone to a place

neighbour

US / 'neɪbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnebɚ /

noun
Person who lives, or is near, you

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

mummy

US / ˈmʌmi /

•

UK / ˈmʌmi /

noun
Mother

son

US / sʌn /

•

UK / sʌn /

noun
Male child; friendly way of addressing a boy

ago

US / əˈgəʊ /

•

UK / əˈgoʊ /

adverb
At a specified length of time in the past

death

US / deθ /

•

UK / dɛθ /

noun
When someone dies; the end of life

heart

US / hɑ:t /

•

UK / hɑrt /

noun
A feeling of care for others; compassion
Courage, confidence, and emotional strength
Be cheerfully encouraging
Most essential, important, or central part
Referring to a promise or something important
State or feelings of affection or deep love
Core part of a vegetable, e.g. a lettuce
The part of the body that pumps blood
Place where emotions are believed to be felt
A shape that represents love

lake

US / leɪk /

•

UK / lek /

noun
Large area of water surrounded by land

lived

US / 'lɪvd /

•

UK / 'lɪvd /

verb
To be alive
To experience a particular type of life
To make your home in a house or town

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

determiner
Belonging to them

move

US / mu:v /

•

UK / muv /

noun
Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
An action; doing something
Step taken to achieve a goal
verb
To cause someone to have certain emotions
To cause something to change to a different place
To change where people live or a business operates
To take action to do or achieve something

yes

US / jes /

•

UK / jɛs /

adverb
Way to say you agree or will do something

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

change

US / tʃeɪndʒ /

•

UK / tʃendʒ /

noun
Exchange of one set of clothes for another
Money in the form of coins instead of paper
Money returned after giving too much
Act of making or becoming something else
verb
To exchange one set of clothes for another
To exchange one kind of money for another
To replace something with another thing
To make or become something else
To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another

military

US / 'mɪlətrɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri /

adjecitve
Concerning the army or navy
noun
Army or armed forces

supreme

US / su:ˈpri:m /

•

UK / sʊˈprim /

adjecitve
Greatest in degree/nature/quality; absolute best
Holding the highest power, status or authority

daughter

US / ˈdɔ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdɔtɚ /

adjecitve
(Of a company) being a subsidiary of another firm
noun
A female child of someone

clearly

US / ˈklɪəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈklɪrlɪ /

adverb
In a way that is easy to understand; obviously

evidence

US / 'evɪdəns /

•

UK / ˈɛvɪdəns /

noun
Factual proof that helps to establish the truth

honestly

US / ˈɒnɪstli /

•

UK / ˈɑnɪstli /

adverb
With truth or sincerity; I'm being honest with you

paper

US / ˈpeɪpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpeɪpər /

adjecitve
Not existing in reality, or done infrequently
Made from the material that we use to make books
noun
Academic writing or a talk on a specific topic
Written test
Newspaper
Pages of a book are made from this

reign

US / reɪn /

•

UK / ren /

noun
Time during which a person runs an organization
Period of time when (e.g. king) rules a country
verb
To be present and felt or sensed by everyone there
(King or Queen) to rule a country

chance

US / tʃɑ:ns /

•

UK / tʃæns /

adjecitve
Happening by luck; not planned
Taking a risk to try something
noun
The way something happens without planning
An opportunity; favorable circumstances, situation
The possibility that something will happen
verb
To occur just through luck; happen
To take a risk to try something

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

return

US / rɪ'tɜ:n /

•

UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /

adjecitve
Do again; repeated
noun
Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
Profit made as a result of a business activity
Process of going back to a previous way or state
verb
To hit something back to the other player or team
To come back after being away from somewhere
To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
To occur again

jai

US / dʒæ /

•

UK / dʒæ /

noun

refuge

US / 'refju:dʒ /

•

UK / ˈrɛfjudʒ /

noun
Somewhere you can find safety or hide

who

US / hu: /

•

UK / hu /

pronoun
Which person
Used to introduce information about people

roof

US / ru:f /

•

UK / ruf,rʊf /

noun
Top of the inside a tunnel, cave, mouth etc.
Cover or top of a building or car
verb
To place a cover or top onto a building, vehicle

buchanan

US / bjuːˈkænən /

•

UK / bjuːˈkænən /

background

US / ˈbækgraʊnd /

•

UK / ˈbækˌɡraʊnd /

noun
Images, color, or information behind the main one
Someone's personal work and educational history
A position not as important as the main event
Past events that influence things in the present

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

reclaim

US / rɪ'kleɪm /

•

UK / rɪˈklem /

verb
To get back something that was lost; recover

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

mountain

US / 'maʊntən /

•

UK / ˈmaʊntən /

noun
Very high piece of land, higher than a hill

very

US / 'verɪ /

•

UK / ˈvɛri /

adjecitve
Concerning a large degree or amount
adverb
A lot; much; many
Used to stress or emphasize a noun

hospital

US / ˈhɒspɪtl /

•

UK / ˈhɑ:spɪtl /

noun
Building for sick people, with doctors and nurses

throw

US / θrəʊ /

•

UK / θroʊ /

noun
Arm movement to make a thing fly through the air
Loose cloth or blanket (usually over a chair)
Forcibly putting someone on the ground
verb
To use your arm to make something fly in the air
To move part of your body suddenly and forcefully
To confuse or upset someone
(E.g. judo) to forcibly put someone on the ground
To put something somewhere suddenly and roughly

black

US / blæk /

•

UK / blæk /

adjecitve
Color of the sky on a dark night
noun
A person with dark skin, often of African origin
Person's name
verb
To fill in something to make it a very dark color

anywhere

US / ˈeniweə(r) /

•

UK / ˈeniwer /

adverb
To any extent or degree (often used with not)
In, at or to any place
other
Use to indicate limits or variation

field

US / fi:ld /

•

UK / fild /

noun
Area of study, such as physics or biology
Piece of land used to grow crops/raise animals
Open area of land, especially without buildings
Grassed area where you play some sports
verb
To respond to something or answer a question
To catch or stop a ball during a game

head

US / hed /

•

UK / hɛd /

noun
Counter for the number of cattle
Natural mental ability or intelligence
Leader or person with the greatest authority
Mind; mental ability; mental state
Side of a coin with a head on it
Top part of your body with eyes and a mouth
Starting point of something, e.g. a river
verb
To hit a ball with your head in a game
To be first or at the front or top (e.g. a list)
To travel or move toward a particular place; To go in a particular direction
To become the leader of something
To lead or be responsible for something

spirit

US / 'spɪrɪt /

•

UK / ˈspɪrɪt /

noun
Person's strong determination or attitude
Unique qualities of person, place, or time
Part of a person thought to be moved by religion
Appearance or sense of a dead person
verb
To take someone away as if by magic

casualty

US / ˈkæʒuəlti /

•

UK / ˈkæʒuəlti /

noun
Emergency area in a hospital for treating injuries
Someone injured or dead as a result of an accident

fence

US / fens /

•

UK / fɛns /

noun
Wood, metal structure enclosing an area, land
verb
To enclose an area (with a wall or boundary)

face

US / feɪs /

•

UK / fes /

noun
Side or outer surface of something
An expression using mouth, nose, eyes etc.
Front part of the head where eyes, mouth etc. are
Characteristics you show in public
verb
To cover a surface with something like paint
To deal with a problem or responsibilities
To look toward; point in a certain direction

hour

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

noun
60 minutes
Particular time of the day
Fixed, regularly occurring time

occur

US / əˈkɜ:(r) /

•

UK / əˈkɚ /

verb
To come to pass or to happen

stuff

US / stʌf /

•

UK / stʌf /

noun
Generic description for things, materials, objects
verb
To push material inside something, with force

myself

US / maɪˈself /

•

UK / maɪˈsɛlf /

pronoun
The same person who did the action mentioned
My regular, usual, or healthy self

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

though

US / ðəu /

•

UK / ðo /

adverb
Although, despite the fact that

victim

US / ˈvɪktɪm /

•

UK / ˈvɪktɪm /

noun
Person/thing affected by an unpleasant event
Person/animal killed and offered as a sacrifice
Person feeling helpless in times of bad luck
Person who is tricked or made to suffer

ava

US / 'vəə /

•

UK / 'vəə /

fact

US / fækt /

•

UK / fækt /

noun
Something that is known or proved to be true

cold

US / kəʊld /

•

UK / kold /

adjecitve
Having a very low temperature
Being unfriendly or lacking emotion
noun
Illness of sneezing, coughing, and a sore throat

earth

US / ɜ:θ /

•

UK / ɚθ /

noun
Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
The planet we live on
Soil in which we grow plants

metre

US / 'mi:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmitɚ /

noun
Unit of length equal to 100 cm or about 39 inches

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

home

US / həʊm /

•

UK / hom /

adjecitve
A sports team's own field or place of play
adverb
Into the correct or intended position
noun
House, apartment or building to be rented or sold
Institution for sick or elderly people
Place where a person or a family lives
Country where a person lives or was born
Region that is native to peoples, plant or animals
verb
To move towards a particular target location

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

talk

US / tɔ:k /

•

UK / tɔk /

noun
Style of speaking
Discussion between two countries
Giving information in front of people; lecture
Saying things or ideas to someone with words
verb
To make a formal speech about something
To say things or ideas to someone with words

green

US / gri:n /

•

UK / ɡrin /

adjecitve
Color of young leaves
Covered with vegetation, e.g. grass
Concerned about protecting the environment
The color of young leaves
Lacking in experience/knowledge due to being young
Being not fully grown or ripe, as in fruit
noun
Large grassy area
used as a part of a name of a place (UK)

poisonous

US / ˈpɔɪzənəs /

•

UK / ˈpɔɪzənəs /

adjecitve
Harmful; unfriendly; unpleasant
Causing sickness or death when eaten or drunk

question

US / 'kwestʃən /

•

UK / ˈkwɛstʃən /

noun
Issue or problems you are dealing with
What you ask about; issue
verb
To ask for or try to get information
To have or express concerns or uncertainty

unaccountably

US / ˌʌnəˈkaʊntəbli /

•

UK / ˌʌnəˈkaʊntəbli /

adverb
In a way that is not possible to explain

danger

US / ˈdeɪndʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdendʒɚ /

noun
The possibility of getting hurt, damaged, killed

begin

US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

•

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

verb
To do the first part of an action; to start

kill

US / kɪl /

•

UK / kɪl /

noun
Animal killed by a person or other animal
verb
To cause someone to experience a lot of pain
To end the life of a person or other living thing
To be very funny
To prevent something from continuing or operating
To do something unimportant to pass time quickly

soon

US / su:n /

•

UK / sun /

adverb
At a time not long from now

water

US / 'wɔ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɔtɚ, ˈwɑtɚ /

noun
Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
Large area such as an ocean or sea
verb
(Of the eyes) to produce tears
(Mouth) to become wet at the thought of nice food
To pour liquids onto a plant to keep it alive

such

US / sʌtʃ /

•

UK / sʌtʃ /

determiner
Being similar to
(Thing) as previously stated or referred to
adverb
(Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

coma

US / ˈkəʊmə /

•

UK / ˈkoʊmə /

noun
State of unconsciousness caused by injury, disease

melt

US / melt /

•

UK / mɛlt /

verb
To disappear or to go away
To make, become soft or liquid due to heat
To become liquid through heating

scream

US / skri:m /

•

UK / skrim /

noun
A sudden loud, high-pitched noise
verb
To make a sudden loud, high sound

nursing

US / ˈnɜ:sɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈnɜ:rsɪŋ /

noun
Profession for taking care of sick people
verb
To care for and look after someone who is sick
To keep holding a grudge, hope etc. in your mind
To drink/allow (baby) to drink milk from breast

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

spend

US / spend /

•

UK / spɛnd /

verb
To use money to pay for something
To use time in order to do something
To use up something completely

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

tower

US / 'taʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtaʊɚ /

noun
Tall, narrow building
Tall metal structure for broadcasting, or the view
verb
To be very good at something

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

ask

US / ɑ:sk /

•

UK / æsk /

verb
To say to someone that you want something

alarm

US / əˈlɑ:m /

•

UK / əˈlɑ:rm /

noun
Sound or light used for a warning or alert
an alarm clock

dam

US / dæm /

•

UK / dæm /

noun
Wall built to stop the flow of water
verb
To build a wall to prevent a river from flowing

die

US / daɪ /

•

UK / daɪ /

noun
Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
verb
To cease to function or work
(Of a thing) to stop being used or done
(Of a person) to stop living

land

US / lænd /

•

UK / lænd /

noun
Region or country
Earth; the ground
verb
To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
To obtain or get something that you wanted
To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
To cause to arrive in a specific place or state

since

US / sɪns /

•

UK / sɪns /

adverb
At a point before the present time
conjunction
For this reason; because
preposition
From the time in the past that

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

royal

US / 'rɔɪəl /

•

UK / ˈrɔɪəl /

adjecitve
Excellent or grand; suitable for a king or queen
Concerning a king or queen
Used in some titles of noble persons, places

yourself

US / jɔ:ˈself /

•

UK / jʊrˈsɛlf, jɔr-, jor-, jə- /

pronoun
Reflexive form of 'you', used for an emphasis

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

actually

US / ˈæktʃuəli /

•

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

adverb
Used to add new (often different) information

calamity

US / kəˈlæməti /

•

UK / kəˈlæmɪti /

noun
An event that causes great harm or distress

route

US / ru:t /

•

UK / rut, raʊt /

noun
Way to get from one place to another place; path
Path or way that people often use
Method of achieving a certain result
verb
To send along a particular path or way

burn

US / bɜ:n /

•

UK / bɚn /

noun
Damage from fire or heat
verb
To destroy with fire
To feel pain and heat
To use as fuel for a fire to make light or heat
To overcook food with too much heat it goes black

four

US / fɔ:(r) /

•

UK / fɔr, for /

number
4

imagine

US / ɪ'mædʒɪn /

•

UK / ɪˈmædʒɪn /

verb
To think creatively about; form mental picture of

heat

US / hi:t /

•

UK / hit /

noun
State of anger, excitement, or arguing
Particular temperature at which to cook something
High temperature
One of series of races to find the finalists
Hot temperature, conditions, or weather
verb
To make hot or hotter

inside

US / ˌɪn'saɪd /

•

UK / ɪnˈsaɪd, ˈɪnˌsaɪd /

adjecitve
Being in something
Being in a building
adverb
Into a house; indoors
noun
Inner part or surface of something

probably

US / ˈprɒbəbli /

•

UK / ˈprɑbəbli /

adverb
That is likely to happen or be true

once

US / wʌns /

•

UK / wʌns /

adverb
One time; one instance
At a time in the past
conjunction
When; as soon as

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

wait

US / weɪt /

•

UK / wet /

verb
To delay or not do something until later
To spend time until an expected thing happens
To remain in a place until a thing happens

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

ever

US / 'evə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɛvɚ /

adverb
At any time; at all times in the future

club

US / klʌb /

•

UK / klʌb /

noun
Group of people who share an interest, as in sport
Place where people go to listen to music and dance
Long stick used for hitting things, as in golf
verb
To be grouped with others
To hit hard with a thick and heavy stick, weapon

valley

US / 'vælɪ /

•

UK / ˈvæli /

noun
Area between mountains with river running through

story

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building
Account or description of how something happened

straight

US / streɪt /

•

UK / stret /

adjecitve
Not having curves, bends, or angles
Not gay; heterosexual
honest and direct
adverb
in a line; immediately; honestly and directly

survival

US / səˈvaɪvl /

•

UK / sɚˈvaɪvəl /

noun
Act of continuing to exist when facing difficulty

always

US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /

•

UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /

adverb
For a very long time
At all times; in every situation
For ever

already

US / ɔ:lˈredi /

•

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

adverb
Having happened or been done before this time

describe

US / dɪ'skraɪb /

•

UK / dɪˈskraɪb /

verb
To tell the appearance, sound, smell of something

haunt

US / hɔ:nt /

•

UK / hɔnt, hɑnt /

noun
Place that a person repeatedly goes to or visits
verb
To remain in the mind causing worry, sadness, pain
(Of ghosts, etc.) to stay in a place after death
To stay with you in the future and cause problems

lay

US / leɪ /

•

UK / le /

adjecitve
Amateur; not being a trained priest
verb
To place a bet on a game outcome
(Of a bird, etc.) to produce eggs from its body
To put or set something down in a flat position
To set out things on (table) to prepare for a meal

many

US / 'menɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛni /

determiner
Used to refer a large number of things

obliterate

US / ə'blɪtəreɪt /

•

UK / əˈblɪtəˌret,oˈblɪt- /

verb
To completely destroy; rub out; stamp out

team

US / ti:m /

•

UK / tim /

noun
Group of people working on a task together
Group of people playing a sport together

shelter

US / 'ʃeltə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʃɛltɚ /

noun
Place to protect people/animals from abuse
Structure that covers or protects things
State of being protected from danger, bad weather
verb
To give animals, people a place away from abuse
To find protection from danger/bad weather

shoe

US / ʃu: /

•

UK / ʃu /

noun
Outer covering for the foot, often made of leather
Piece of metal nailed under a horse's foot
verb
To put a metal ring on a horse's foot

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

survivor

US / səˈvaɪvə(r) /

•

UK / sərˈvaɪvə(r) /

noun
Person, thing that continues to live or exist

warn

US / wɔ:n /

•

UK / wɔrn /

verb
To tell someone about possible danger

dissimilar

US / dɪˈsɪmɪlə(r) /

•

UK / dɪˈsɪməlɚ /

adjecitve
Different; not alike

memory

US / 'memərɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛməri /

noun
Ability of the mind to call back past things
Space for the storage of information on a computer
Something that has been remembered

too

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

adverb
In addition, also; with emphasis
Say that something is more than you want

village

US / 'vɪlɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈvɪlɪdʒ /

noun
Small town in the country

authority

US / ɔ:ˈθɒrəti /

•

UK / əˈθɔrɪti, əˈθɑr-, ɔˈθɔr-, ɔˈθɑr- /

noun
The power to give orders to people
Person who is an expert on a particular topic
Expert knowledge on a given subject
The power to decide or approve things
a group of people who have the official power to make decisions

race

US / reɪs /

•

UK / res /

noun
Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
People who share physical features or culture
verb
To take part in a running or swimming competition
To move or go at a very fast pace
To take someone, something to a place very quickly

sort

US / sɔ:t /

•

UK / sɔrt /

noun
Group or class of similar things or people
verb
To organize things by putting them into groups
To deal with things in an organized way

white

US / waɪt /

•

UK / hwaɪt, waɪt /

adjecitve
Belonging to a race of people with light skin
Of the color of fresh snow and milk
noun
Person's name
Lightest color; The color of fresh snow.

among

US / əˈmʌŋ /

•

UK / əˈmʌŋ /

preposition
In the center of several things

anzacs

US / /

•

UK / /

other
Australian and New Zealand soldiers in World War I

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

kilter

US / ˈkɪltə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkɪltər /

noun
In working order

lose

US / lu:z /

•

UK / luz /

verb
To be unable to keep in check or control something
To decrease in value or quantity (e.g. weight)
To stop having certain qualities or abilities
To stop having or being entitled to
To fail to win something that is being contested
To be unable to find something you once had
To be dependent on someone (used with 'not')

try

US / traɪ /

•

UK / traɪ /

noun
Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
verb
To make an effort, to attempt to do something
To examine someone or something in a court of law
To test to see if it is good or you like it
To make a person go through hardship; test
To examine something to see if it works

surround

US / səˈraʊnd /

•

UK / səˈraʊnd /

other
To be closely connected to and have an effect on
verb
To be all the way around something
To be closely connected to and have an effect on
To move closer on all sides of something

dan

US / dæn /

•

UK / dɑn, dæn /

noun
Any of ten degrees of advanced proficiency in judo or karate.
A small marker buoy with a lightweight flagpole.
proper noun
(in the Bible) a Hebrew patriarch, son of Jacob and Bilhah.

february

US / ˈfebruəri /

•

UK / ˈfebrueri /

noun
2nd month of the year

finally

US / ˈfaɪnəli /

•

UK / ˈfaɪnəli /

adverb
used especially at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the last point or idea
After a long time or some difficulty

investigate

US / ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɛstɪˌɡet /

verb
To try to find out facts; to carry out research

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

soldier

US / 'səʊldʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsoldʒɚ /

noun
Person working in an army to fight

something

US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

adverb
In some degree or measure
noun
a person or thing of some value or consequence
pronoun
Thing that is not yet known or named
Approximately

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

release

US / rɪ'li:s /

•

UK / rɪ'li:s /

noun
Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
verb
To free someone from a responsibility or burden
To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
To let go of something you are holding

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

train

US / treɪn /

•

UK / tren /

noun
Line of people, animals moving the same direction
Vehicle that carries people and runs on rails
Long rear section of a (e.g. wedding) dress
Series of events happening one after another
verb
To teach a pet a behavior or a trick
To educate someone in something, e.g. medicine
To cause a plant to grow a certain way by cutting
To point a certain way or toward something
To practice to get better at a thing, e.g. sports

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

bloody

US / 'blʌdɪ /

•

UK / ˈblʌdi /

adjecitve
Covered or spotted with blood on the surface
A word used when swearing or cursing
Violent and causing death

bush

US / bʊʃ /

•

UK / bʊʃ /

noun
A wooden plant that is smaller than a tree

certainly

US / ˈsə:tnli /

•

UK / ˈsɚtnli /

adverb
Sure; of course

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

hope

US / həʊp /

•

UK / hop /

noun
When you wish something will happen; what you wish
verb
To expect and want something to happen

lot

US / lɒt /

•

UK / lɑt /

noun
What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
A group of people seen together
Item for sale at an auction
Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

pain

US / peɪn /

•

UK / pen /

noun
Strong feeling of hurt or discomfort
Something or someone that bothers or upsets you
verb
To cause someone to feel upset or worry

until

US / ənˈtɪl /

•

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

conjunction
Up to; to a time when something happens
preposition
Before (a specific time)

kid

US / kɪd /

•

UK / kɪd /

adjecitve
Made from young goat skin
noun
Child or young person
Young goat
verb
To make fun of someone in a gentle way; to tease

meet

US / mi:t /

•

UK / mit /

noun
Sporting competition e.g. swimming
verb
To provide something that is necessary
To come together at a certain time or place

resident

US / ˈrezɪdənt /

•

UK / ˈrɛzɪdənt, -ˌdɛnt /

adjecitve
Someone who lives in a particular place
noun
Trainee doctor who works/lives in a hospital

most

US / məʊst /

•

UK / most /

adverb
Very; extremely
Greatest possible degree
pronoun
Nearly all of something

swallow

US / 'swɒləʊ /

•

UK / ˈswɑː.loʊ /

noun
Small northern bird with downward-pointing wings
Making food or drink go down to the stomach
verb
To believe (something that is not true)
To make food go from your mouth to your stomach
To cover or hide something

call

US / kɔ:l /

•

UK / kɔl /

noun
A order or request for action
The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
A short visit to a place or person
A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
verb
To make a request or order for action
(Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
To announce the date of an election
To make a judgment about something
To give someone or something a name
To guess in advance the result or outcome
To visit a place or person for a short time
To phone someone
To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

fuzz

US / fʌz /

•

UK / fʌz /

noun
Fur or short hair

hide

US / haɪd /

•

UK / haɪd /

noun
The skin of an animal used for making leather
verb
To go to, or put a thing where it can't be found

leave

US / li:v /

•

UK / liv /

noun
Permission to do something
Vacation time; time off work
verb
To go away from; depart
To gift property to someone after you die
To allow something to continue happening
To let something remain unused or available
To let something or someone remain somewhere

lolly

US / ˈlɒli /

•

UK / ˈlɑ:li /

adverb
Ice cream or water ice on a small wooden stick
noun
Money

tree

US / tri: /

•

UK / tri /

noun
Tall green plants in a forest

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

characteristic

US / ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk /

•

UK / ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk /

adjecitve
Typical or distinctive

bravery

US / 'breɪvərɪ /

•

UK / ˈbrevəri, ˈbrevri /

noun
Quality allowing someone to do courageous things

attend

US / əˈtend /

•

UK / əˈtɛnd /

verb
To take care of someone in need
To listen or watch carefully; to concentrate
To be present at an event
To go to a place regularly

decide

US / dɪ'saɪd /

•

UK / dɪˈsaɪd /

verb
To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
To make a legal judgment in court
to affect the result of something

help

US / help /

•

UK / hɛlp /

noun
Something given to enable a person to do something
Assistance given to someone in need
Someone who makes something easier or possible
verb
To act to enable a person to do something; assist
To make something better or less difficult

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

lie

US / laɪ /

•

UK / lai /

noun
An untrue statement, when you know it is not true
verb
To be in a horizontal or flat position
To say something that you know is not true

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

skin

US / skɪn /

•

UK / skɪn /

noun
Outer covering of an animal used for leather; hide
Outer covering of a fruit or vegetable
Outer layer of an animal or human
Outer part of an object, such as a plane
verb
To defeat someone easily and completely
To hurt yourself, accidentally cutting yourself
To remove the outer covering from an animal

anything

US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
A thing of any kind

deeply

US / ˈdi:pli /

•

UK / ˈdiplɪ /

adverb
To a significant degree
To a great, intense or extreme extent

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

flame

US / fleɪm /

•

UK / flem /

noun
The red part you can see in fire
verb
To glow
To burn or glow in a fire
To glow (as in the sun or sunset)
To send angry messages over the Internet; to troll

garden

US / ˈgɑ:dn /

•

UK / ˈgɑ:rdn /

noun
Yard; ground outside your house to grow plants
Public park in which visitors can see flowers
verb
To work in a yard to grow plants, vegetables

hot

US / hɒt /

•

UK / hɑ:t /

adjecitve
Angry or excited
Being very good at something
Having a high temperature
Popular and causing a great deal of excitement
Attractive in a sexually exciting way
(Of food) very spicy
Stolen; dangerous to buy or trade in

healing

US / ˈhi:lɪŋ /

•

UK / 'hi:lɪŋ /

noun
Act of helping others to recover their health
verb
To recover from or forget a bad experience
To make or become healthy or well again

escape

US / ɪ'skeɪp /

•

UK / ɪˈskep /

noun
Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
The 'esc key' on a keyboard
Act of getting away from where you are being kept
verb
To avoid something undesirable, dangerous or bad
To get away from a place where you are being kept
(Gas, water) to come out from a pipe, container
To not to be noticed or remembered by someone

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

another

US / əˈnʌðə(r) /

•

UK / əˈnʌðɚ /

adjecitve
One more, but not this
determiner
One more added
pronoun
One more (thing)

eucalypt

US / 'ju:kəlɪpt /

•

UK / 'ju:kəlɪpt /

noun

grief

US / ɡri:f /

•

UK / ɡrif /

noun
Feeling of great sadness because someone has died
Things that are troublesome or annoying

mental

US / ˈmentl /

•

UK / ˈmɛntl /

adjecitve
Concerning the mind

photo

US / ˈfəʊtəʊ /

•

UK / ˈfoʊtoʊ /

noun
Short for photograph; a picture taken by a camera

sometimes

US / ˈsʌmtaɪmz /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌtaɪmz /

adverb
Only at certain times; occasionally

bury

US / 'berɪ /

•

UK / ˈbɛri /

verb
To put something into the ground and cover it

melbourne

US / 'melbən /

•

UK / 'melbərn /

proper noun
The capital of Victoria, in southeastern Australia, on the Bass Strait, opposite Tasmania; populatio
A resort city in east central Florida, south of Cape Canaveral; population 77,351 (est. 2008).

please

US / pli:z /

•

UK / pliz /

adverb
Used when you politely ask people for things
verb
To entertain someone, by dancing, singing etc.
To make someone happy by doing something

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

understand

US / ˌʌndə'stænd /

•

UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /

verb
To know the meaning of language, what someone says

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

victoria

US / vikˈtɔ:riə /

•

UK / vɪkˈtɔriə, -ˈtor- /

noun
A light four-wheeled horse-drawn carriage with a collapsible hood, seats for two passengers, and an
proper noun
A state of southeastern Australia; population 5,313,823 (2008); capital, Melbourne. Originally a dis
A port at the southern tip of Vancouver Island, capital of British Columbia; population 78,057 (2006
The capital of the Seychelles, a port on the island of Mahé; population 26,000 (est. 2007).
The administrative center of Hong Kong; population 981,700 (est. 2006).
A city in southern Texas; population 62,558 (est. 2008).
(1819–1901), queen of Great Britain and Ireland 1837–1901 and empress of India 1876–1901. She took a

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

life

US / laɪf /

•

UK / laɪf /

noun
All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
Period of time things live, from birth to death

saturday

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
Sixth day of the week; the day after Friday

wound

US / waʊnd /

•

UK / waʊnd /

noun
Sadness or displeasure caused by a bad memory
Physical injury, especially that suffered in war
verb
To rotate a part of say a watch to make it work
To hurt someone emotionally
To injure someone in a fight with a knife gun etc.

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

recovery

US / rɪˈkʌvəri /

•

UK / rɪˈkʌvəri /

noun
Process of returning to a former (good) state
Act of getting back something that was lost

achieve

US / ə'tʃi:v /

•

UK / əˈtʃiv /

verb
To succeed in doing good, usually by working hard

brother

US / ˈbrʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbrʌðɚ /

noun
A boy or man who shares a parent with you

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

king

US / kɪŋ /

•

UK / kɪŋ /

noun
Person considered the best or top at something
Playing card with the image of a king on it
Key piece in the game of chess
Royal male ruler of a country
Person's name

nearly

US / ˈniəli /

•

UK / ˈnɪrli /

adverb
Not completely; almost

peaceful

US / ˈpi:sfl /

•

UK / ˈpisfəl /

adjecitve
In a calm and quiet state
Being unlikely or unwilling to act violently

raw

US / rɔ: /

•

UK / rɔ /

adjecitve
Being uncontrolled or strong, as your emotions
Being inexperienced
Being in a natural or unchanged state
(Of skin) being red and sore on the surface
(Of foods) uncooked

sheer

US / ʃɪə(r) /

•

UK / ʃɪr /

adjecitve
(Of luck/stupidity) very complete or absolute
(Of fabric) very fine or thin; see-through
adverb
Straight up and down; steeply
verb
To suddenly turn or change direction

tough

US / tʌf /

•

UK / tʌf /

adjecitve
(Of food) difficult to chew or bite through
Very difficult to do or deal with
Having strict standards
Being firm and not easily bent or broken
Being strong physically or mentally
Being difficult to persuade
Capable of violence

towards

US / tə'wɔ:dz /

•

UK / 'təuədz, twɔ:dz /

preposition
In the direction of someone or something

towel

US / ˈtaʊəl /

•

UK / ˈtaʊəl /

noun
Piece of cloth used for drying things
verb
To dry something or yourself using a towel

war

US / wɔ:(r) /

•

UK / wɔr /

noun
Situation where armies fight each other

catastrophic

US / ˌkætə'strɒfɪk /

•

UK / ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk /

adjecitve
Causing a lot of damage or suffering

grass

US / grɑ:s /

•

UK / græs /

noun
Slang name for marijuana
Plants with narrow green leaves, grown on lawns
verb
To betray someone
To cover an area of ground to make a lawn or field

safety

US / ˈseɪfti /

•

UK / ˈsefti /

noun
Device on a gun to prevent accidental shooting
State of being free from harm or danger

sweep

US / swi:p /

•

UK / swip /

noun
Man who cleans chimneys
Act of cleaning a surface with a brush
Long, smooth movement made with your arm or a tool
Movement or search that covers a large area
verb
To clean something from a surface with a brush
To move or pass quickly and steadily
To search a very wide area for something

outward

US / ˈaʊtwəd /

•

UK / ˈaʊtwəd /

adjecitve
Going away from a place that will be returned to
Seeming to be from the outside
Concerning how something appears on the outside

pattern

US / 'pætn /

•

UK / ˈpætən /

noun
Model to follow in making or doing something
Colors or shapes which are repeated on objects
Regular repeated behavior
verb
To copy the way something else is made

support

US / səˈpɔ:t /

•

UK / səˈpɔrt, -ˈport /

noun
Assistance or advice given to someone
Evidence that helps prove something is true
A thing to hold up or prevent from falling down
verb
To give assistance or advice to someone
To help prove or show that something is true
To hold up or prevent from falling down

child

US / tʃaɪld /

•

UK / tʃaɪld /

noun
A very young person, between about 2 and 15

become

US / bɪ'kʌm /

•

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

verb
To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
To be suitable for a particular job or role

dream

US / dri:m /

•

UK / drim /

noun
A wish or hope for something to happen
Imagination or image of something you want
Images, thoughts, feelings experienced when asleep
verb
To wish for something to happen
To experience thoughts, images while asleep

engulf

US / ɪn'ɡʌlf /

•

UK / ɛnˈɡʌlf /

verb
To completely surround and enclose

medically

US / 'medɪklɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛdɪklɪ /

adverb
As regards medical matters

save

US / seɪv /

•

UK / sev /

noun
Preventing a player in a game from scoring a goal
preposition
Except; not including
verb
To make your computer keep a file
To keep for future use
To make something unnecessary; prevent
To keep money so that you will have it later
To keep something for future use, such as money
To keep or rescue someone or something from harm
To prevent a player in a game from scoring a goal
To avoid the unnecessary waste of energy, etc.

somebody

US / 'sʌmbədɪ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌbɑdi, -ˌbʌdi, -bədi /

noun
Important well-respected person
pronoun
Person who is not known or named

hose

US / həʊz /

•

UK / hoʊz /

noun
Tube that carries a liquid
Socks, stockings, pantyhose etc.
verb
To wet or clean something with a hose

maybe

US / ˈmeɪbi /

•

UK / ˈmebi /

adverb
Possibly but not certainly; perhaps

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

determiner
Belonging to us

quite

US / kwaɪt /

•

UK / kwaɪt /

adverb
Not very; fairly
Very; In a complete or total manner

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

slump

US / slʌmp /

•

UK / slʌmp /

noun
Time when an economy becomes less successful
verb
To sit, lean or fall down because tired or ill
Sudden reduction in prices, profits or amounts
To decline suddenly by a large amount

survive

US / sə'vaɪv /

•

UK / sɚˈvaɪv /

verb
To continue to live despite illness or trouble

able

US / 'eɪbl /

•

UK / ˈebəl /

adjecitve
Skilled; good at something
Having the ability to do something

courtroom

US / ˈkɔ:tru:m /

•

UK / ˈkɔrtˌrum, -ˌrʊm, ˈkort- /

noun
Room in which a law court sits

choke

US / tʃəʊk /

•

UK / tʃoʊk /

verb
To cause someone not to breathe
To be unable to breath due to a blockage
To fail to perform well, due to stress

fern

US / fɜ:n /

•

UK / fɜ:rn /

noun
Type of plant with long, thin leaves

bad

US / bæd /

•

UK / bæd /

adjecitve
Not good; wrong
Lacking in good morals; evil
No longer fresh; spoiled

intense

US / ɪn'tens /

•

UK / ɪnˈtɛns /

adjecitve
Very strong, great or extreme in degree

tragedy

US / 'trædʒədɪ /

•

UK / ˈtrædʒɪdi /

noun
Play that has a sad ending with many deaths
Very sad event that usually involves death

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

body

US / ˈbɒd.i /

•

UK / ˈbɑdi /

noun
An object distinct from other objects
A group of people involved in an activity together
Main part of something
A person's physical self

order

US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

noun
Religious or social group, as of nuns
Instructions to others to do what you want
State in which things are neat and organized
What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
Social or political control of an area
verb
To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
To give instructions to others to do what you want
To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

outside

US / ˌaʊtˈsaɪd /

•

UK / aʊtˈsaɪd, ˈaʊtˌsaɪd /

adverb
Beyond the limits or edges of some place, thing
noun
Area around or near something, such as a building
preposition
Beyond the limits or edges of some place, thing

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

ones

US / wʌnz /

•

UK / wʌnz /

number
Number 1, a single person or thing

five

US / faɪv /

•

UK / faɪv /

number
5

closed

US / kləʊzd /

•

UK / kloʊzd /

adjecitve
Shut; not open
verb
To come progressively nearer to something
To end; to bring to an end
To make something shut; stop from being open

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

live

US / lɪv /

•

UK / liv /

adjecitve
Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
Glowing because burning; hot
Not yet killed (for food)
adverb
(Music, drama) as it is performed
verb
To be alive
To experience a particular type of life
To make your home in a house or town

spite

US / spaɪt /

•

UK / spaɪt /

noun
Wish to hurt another person; malice; maliciousness
verb
To deliberately annoy or frustrate someone

simply

US / ˈsɪmpli /

•

UK / ˈsɪmpli /

adverb
In an easy or clear manner

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

australian

US / ɒˈstreɪliən /

•

UK / ɔˈstreljən /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Australia
noun
People from Australia

leslie

US / ˈlɛsliː /

•

UK / ˈlɛsli /

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

love

US / lʌv /

•

UK / lʌv /

noun
Person's name
A very strong feeling of affection
The person you care very deeply about
Strong, deep emotional and sexual attraction
verb
To care for and like someone very strongly, deeply
To like doing very much; enjoy greatly
To feel a strong emotional and romantic attraction

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

phone

US / fəʊn /

•

UK / foʊn /

noun
Machine used to talk to someone who is far away
verb
To talk to someone using a telephone

regrow

US / ri:greʊ /

•

UK / ri:greʊ /

verb
To continue growth after an injury or interruption

relative

US / ˈrelətɪv /

•

UK / ˈrɛlətɪv /

adjecitve
Measured or considered in comparison to another
(Grammar) referring to words that appear earlier
noun
Members of the family
Humans or animals sharing the same family history

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

turn

US / tɜ:n /

•

UK / tɚn /

noun
Place where changing of direction happens
Your time or chance to perform a duty
Your chance to play or do in say a game
Unexpected change, as in the weather
verb
To become (a particular age)
To become a different quality, color, etc.
To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
To move in an opposite direction or position
To shape metal with a spinning tool

sister

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

noun
Female you share a parent with
Full-time female member of a (Christian) religion

strength

US / streŋθ /

•

UK / strɛŋkθ, strɛŋθ, strɛnθ /

noun
Condition of being strong

wheat

US / wi:t /

•

UK / hwit, wit /

noun
A kind of grain that is used to make flour

sweetheart

US / ˈswi:thɑ:t /

•

UK / ˈswi:thɑ:rt /

noun
Person loved by another person

charlie

US / ˈtʃɑ:lɪ /

•

UK / ˈtʃɑrlɪ /

noun
A code word representing the letter C, used in radio communication.
Cocaine.
A member of the Vietcong or the Vietcong collectively.

apparently

US / əˈpærəntli /

•

UK / əˈpærəntlɪ /

adverb
According to what you heard; from what can be seen

deep

US / di:p /

•

UK / dip /

adjecitve
Complex and important
Extreme or intense
Going far down from the surface
Low in pitch, as a sound
adverb
At a certain distance beneath the surface

man

US / mæn /

•

UK / mæn /

noun
Humans in general, including male and female
An adult male human being
Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
verb
To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)

parent

US / 'peərənt /

•

UK / ˈpɛrənt, ˈpær- /

noun
Person's, animal's mother or father
Something creating other things of the same kind

physical

US / ˈfɪzɪkl /

•

UK / ˈfɪzɪkəl /

adjecitve
Concerning the body of a person
Concerning things that can be seen or touched
noun
Health check at the doctors' or hospital

stand

US / stænd /

•

UK / stænd /

noun
Effort to fight against something
Piece of furniture; device to hold or support
Place in a stadium where spectators watch
Table where things are sold at a fair or market
verb
To be a candidate in an election
To be able to accept someone, something; bear
To last for a long time
To be upright; not be sitting or lying down
To place something in a particular position; place
To be (as stated)
To still be valid
To have an opinion about something

truly

US / 'tru:lɪ /

•

UK / ˈtruli /

adverb
In accordance with truth, fact or reality; really

visceral

US / ˈvɪsərəl /

•

UK / ˈvɪsərəl /

adjecitve
From deep within you; caused by strong instincts
based on deep feeling and emotional reactions rather than on reason or thought

big

US / bɪɡ /

•

UK / bɪɡ /

adjecitve
Popular
Serious
Large

eyeglass

US / ˈaɪɡlɑːs /

•

UK / ˈaɪɡlæs /

other
Lens for correcting defective vision in one eye; held in place by facial muscles

gibson

US / ˈɡibsn /

•

UK / ˈɡɪbsən /

noun
A dry martini cocktail garnished with a pickled onion.

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

natural

US / ˈnætʃərəl /

•

UK / ˈnætʃərəl, ˈnætʃrəl /

adjecitve
Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
Not made by humans; without human intervention

might

US / maɪt /

•

UK / maɪt /

other
Used to politely request an action
Used to express that something could happen
Power, strength, force or influence

paradise

US / 'pærədaɪs /

•

UK / ˈpærəˌdaɪs, -ˌdaɪz /

noun
Place with everything needed for specific activity
Place where good people are said to go after death
State of happiness or delight

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

char

US / tʃɑ:(r) /

•

UK / tʃɑr /

verb
To become burnt and the outside appears black

although

US / ɔ:lˈðəu /

•

UK / ɔlˈðo /

conjunction
Despite the fact that; however

answer

US / 'ɑ:nsə(r) /

•

UK / ˈænsɚ /

noun
Reply to a question someone asks
Solution to a problem or test question
verb
To reply to a question someone asks
To solve a test question or a problem

exhaustion

US / ɪgˈzɔ:stʃən /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzɔstʃən /

noun
Total loss of strength; extreme tiredness
Using up completely so that there is none left

wish

US / wɪʃ /

•

UK / wɪʃ /

noun
Expression of a hope for something in the future
verb
To want something to happen or to become true

across

US / əˈkrɔs /

•

UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /

adverb
Distance from one side to another
(Go) from one side to the other of something

funeral

US / ˈfju:nərəl /

•

UK / ˈfjunərəl /

noun
Ceremony of burying, burning a dead body

gum

US / ɡʌm /

•

UK / ɡʌm /

noun
Soft sweet candy you chew
Flesh inside the mouth that holds the teeth
Sticky substance that comes out of some trees
other
Adhesive material used to stick things together
verb
To cover or stick with adhesive

play

US / pleɪ /

•

UK / pleɪ /

noun
Loose, free movement between two objects
Single action in a sports game
Performance in which people act in a theater
verb
To act as a character in a movie, or on stage
To perform music on an instrument
To use a device, e.g. a video game
To do something for enjoyment and fun
To do or perform a game or sport

mobile

US / 'məʊbaɪl /

•

UK / ˈmoʊbl /

adjecitve
Able to be moved or able to move
noun
Personal phone you take with you wherever you go

shop

US / ʃɒp /

•

UK / ʃɑ:p /

noun
Place to learn how to fix or make things; class
Place where things are fixed or repaired, e.g. cars
Place which sells things
verb
To look for or buy goods or services

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

case

US / keɪs /

•

UK / kes /

noun
Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
Set of facts about a crime
Set of facts about an event
Example or instance of something
verb
To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

evacuate

US / ɪ'vækjʊeɪt /

•

UK / ɪˈvækjuˌet /

verb
To move people from dangerous to a safe places

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

terrible

US / ˈterəbl /

•

UK / ˈtɛrəbəl /

adjecitve
Very bad; horrible

total

US / ˈtəʊtl /

•

UK / ˈtoʊtl /

adjecitve
Complete
noun
Whole number or amount of something
verb
To damage a car beyond repair

watch

US / wɒtʃ /

•

UK / wɑtʃ /

noun
Period of time someone is responsible for guarding
Device you wear on your wrist that shows the time
Official warning statement, e.g. of bad weather
verb
To keep in check, manage, or control something
To look at something for entertainment, e.g. TV
To guard a place or people; protect child, etc.
To look at carefully to work out what is happening
To protect and care for someone or something

awoke

US / əˈwəʊk /

•

UK / əˈwoʊk /

verb
To wake from sleep; wake someone from sleep

fight

US / faɪt /

•

UK / faɪt /

noun
An argument or quarrel
Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
A struggle to do a difficult task
verb
To argue or quarrel with someone about something
To try to hurt someone by hitting them
To struggle to do a difficult task

ground

US / graʊnd /

•

UK / ɡraʊnd /

noun
Connection of electrical equipment to earth
Place where people play particular sports
Solid surface of the earth that we stand on
verb
To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
To make sharp or smooth through friction
To press together with force making a sound
To punish someone by not allowing them to go out
To hit the bottom
(Of boat) to hit the bottom so it cannot move
To prevent a plane from taking off
To place the ball over the goal line in rugby

each

US / i:tʃ /

•

UK / itʃ /

determiner
Every one of two or more things
pronoun
Per one person or thing

happen

US / 'hæpən /

•

UK / ˈhæpən /

verb
To take place or occur

inform

US / ɪnˈfɔ:m /

•

UK / ɪnˈfɔ:rm /

verb
To give information or facts about something

inspire

US / ɪn'spaɪə(r) /

•

UK / ɪnˈspaɪr /

verb
To give someone an idea to do or make something
To make someone feel a certain emotion

rebecca

US / rɪˈbɛkə /

•

UK / rəˈbɛkə /

noun
The (notional) leader of a movement whose supporters attacked and demolished turnpike toll gates chi

regenerate

US / rɪˈdʒenəreɪt /

•

UK / rɪˈdʒɛnəˌret /

verb
To form or create new things

yeah

US / jeə /

•

UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /

exclamation
Another way of saying 'yes'

beneath

US / bɪ'ni:θ /

•

UK / bɪˈniθ /

preposition
Not worthy of you; not good enough for you
Under; In or to a lower position; below

forested

US / ˈfɒrɪstɪd /

•

UK / ˈfɔrəstɪd /

adjecitve
Covered with forest; with many trees

place

US / pleɪs /

•

UK / ples /

noun
Particular location, area or region
verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

seconds

US / 'sekəndz /

•

UK / 'sekəndz /

other
Units of time; one sixtieth of a minute
Short periods of time you wait for someone
verb
To agree to support a proposal at a meeting

curl

US / kɜ:l /

•

UK / kɚrl /

noun
Something that has the shape of a curve or ring
verb
To form something into a round or curved shape
To become curved around the edges

baby

US / ˈbeɪbi /

•

UK / ˈbeɪbi /

adjecitve
Small in size; smaller than usual
noun
A very young child, who cannot yet speak
verb
To treat someone as if they were newly born

fun

US / fʌn /

•

UK / fʌn /

adjecitve
Amusing and enjoyable
noun
Enjoyable or amusing quality or feeling

house

US / haʊs /

•

UK / haʊs /

noun
Place where a specific activity or business occurs
Building in which a family, person lives
verb
To give someone a place to live
To contain or store something

jump

US / dʒʌmp /

•

UK / dʒʌmp /

noun
Large sudden increase
An act of springing into the air
Bar or other thing that is jumped over
A sudden movement due to surprise
verb
To attack someone suddenly
To push your body into the air with your legs
To suddenly decide to do something
To make a sudden movement due to surprise

she

US / ʃɪ /

•

UK / ʃi /

pronoun
Female person or animal mentioned before
(Refers to female person mentioned before)

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

victorian

US / vɪkˈtɔ:riən /

•

UK / vɪkˈtɔriən, -ˈtor- /

adjecitve
Typical of 19th century standards or conduct

catch

US / kætʃ /

•

UK / kætʃ, kɛtʃ /

noun
Amount of something that has been caught
Trick or something trying to deceive
verb
To stop something flying and hold it
To stop something and not let it go, e.g. animals
To get sick or get a disease from someone else
To find someone to do something, a task
To get stuck on or in something
To be trapped so you can’t escape
To be able to understand what someone is saying

claim

US / kleɪm /

•

UK / klem /

noun
Demand for something that is believed to be due
Something said to be true when others don't agree
verb
To demand something that is believed to be due
To cause someone's life to come to an end
To say something is true when others may not agree

grab

US / ɡræb /

•

UK / ɡræb /

verb
To take and hold something quickly

hit

US / hɪt /

•

UK / hɪt /

noun
A planned killing, usually for money
Song, movie etc. that is successful
When someone strikes someone or something
Time when a player makes contact with the ball
Time when a website is accessed
verb
To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
To press something, such as a button or switch
To suddenly realize the importance of something
To move your hand, a bat, etc. against with force
To fight, attack or damage something or someone
To arrive at a specific place, level, or goal
To make contact with the ball in a game or sport

tell

US / tel /

•

UK / tɛl /

verb
To (strongly) advise a person to do something
To be able to guess
To say or communicate information to someone
To inform, but without speaking; indicate
To have a negative effect on someone
To order someone to do something; command
To recognize something based on certain signs
To report something to an authority
To explain something or teach someone something

stay

US / steɪ /

•

UK / ste /

noun
Legal order to stop or delay an action
Strong rope or wire that supports a ship's mast
Period of time spent living in or visiting a place
verb
To keep trying without giving up
To remain in the same place and not move away
To spend time visiting a place or someone's home

dead

US / ded /

•

UK / dɛd /

adjecitve
Not alive
Being bored or not interested
Unable to operate because electricity etc. ran out
Being unable to feel, physically or emotionally
adverb
Completely; absolutely

first

US / fɜ:st /

•

UK / fɚst /

adjecitve
1st; Coming before all others in time or place
noun
Something that has not happened before
Position of the winner of a competition

hard

US / hɑ:d /

•

UK / hɑː(r)d /

adjecitve
Difficult to do; difficult to understand
(Of facts) not able to be misunderstood; clear
(Of alcohol) strong
Involving or requiring lots of work, effort, care
Being full of pain, trouble, and problems
Strong
(Of edge) clear; sharp
Difficult to bend, break or cut; solid
adverb
With lots of force, power, or impact

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

eventually

US / ɪˈventʃuəli /

•

UK / ɪˈvɛntʃuəli /

adverb
After a long time; after many attempts; in the end

eye

US / aɪ /

•

UK / aɪ /

noun
The part of the body that you see with
The skill to see the good and bad parts of a thing
Hole at the end of a needle
verb
To watch or study something closely

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

US / 'pi:pl /

•

UK / ˈpipəl /

noun
Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
Men, Women, Children

prefer

US / prɪˈfɜ:(r) /

•

UK / prɪˈfɚ /

verb
To like something better than something else

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

sit

US / sɪt /

•

UK / sɪt /

verb
To take an exam
To be in a resting position on a chair
To provide seating for people
To remain in a still position while being painted

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

storey

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building

week

US / wi:k /

•

UK / wik /

noun
Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

block

US / blɒk /

•

UK / blɑk /

noun
Solid piece of material used for building
A piece of wood, chocolate etc.
Hard piece of wood, stone etc. with straight edges
Building made up of offices or apartments
Area of a city divided by four streets
verb
To stop from going forward or making progress

fire

US / 'faɪə(r) /

•

UK / faɪr /

noun
Heat and the flame produced when burning
Intense energy for or about something
verb
To apply heat to something to make it hard
To make a person leave their job; dismiss
To shoot a gun or weapon
To launch something into the sky, e.g. a rocket
To start working on something e.g. a project

family

US / 'fæməlɪ /

•

UK / ˈfæmli /

noun
Close group of people or organizations
A group of people who are related through blood
Group of related plants or animals

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

during

US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

preposition
At some point in the course of an event or thing

gulp

US / ɡʌlp /

•

UK / ɡʌlp /

noun
Swallowing liquid very quickly
verb
To swallow or drink quickly

include

US / ɪnˈklu:d /

•

UK / ɪnˈklud /

verb
To make someone, something part of a group

legalistic

US / ˌliːɡəˈlɪstɪk /

•

UK / ˌliːɡəˈlɪstɪk /

adjecitve
Following the law (too) strictly

limbo

US / ˈlɪm.bəʊ /

•

UK / ˈlɪm.boʊ /

noun
An uncertain situation that you cannot control and in which there is no progress or improvement

search

US / sɜ:tʃ /

•

UK / sɜ:rtʃ /

noun
Examination of person to find something
Action to find an answer to a problem
Action of trying to find someone or something
verb
To examine a person's clothing to find something
To look for an answer or explanation to a problem
To look carefully for someone or something

reversal

US / rɪˈvɜ:səl /

•

UK / rɪˈvə:səl /

noun
Change to the opposite, often from good to bad

then

US / ðen /

•

UK / ðɛn /

adverb
A time that is not now
Following another thing in time or arrangement
Following on reasonably from what was just stated
At that time, not now

mum

US / mʌm /

•

UK / mʌm /

noun
Mother

must

US / məst /

•

UK / mʌst /

noun
Something that is necessary or required
other
(Used to state that something ought to be true)
Used to say something is required or necessary

slowly

US / ˈsləʊli /

•

UK / ˈsloʊli /

adverb
In an unhurried or not speedy manner

step

US / step /

•

UK / stɛp /

noun
Movement done as part of a particular dance
Distance covered by one movement of a leg; stride
One part or stage in a process
Sound made by the feet while walking; footstep
Flat horizontal piece that forms stairs
verb
To raise and moving the foot to put it down

Subtitles section

It's 16 weeks now since the catastrophic bushfires in Victoria killed 173 people, but already the place is regenerating and the survivors are slowly reclaiming their lives.

To do that, they must face every day with memories you and I can't begin to imagine.

Such a man is Darren Gibson.

Black Saturday claimed everything in his world, his home, his wife and his children.

In the cold, legalistic confines of a Melbourne courtroom, a Royal Commission searches for answers to this calamity.

But it's only when you hear stories of grief and courage like Darren's that you truly comprehend the enormity of their loss and the bravery of spirit it takes to simply keep on going.

Nearly 200 people died in this deeply forested high country during Victoria's Black Saturday bushfires.

Among the ashes lie stories of loss, courage and survival that until now have not been told.

Do you know Charlie, you might look at a photo and you see the kids and you know how much fun they were having and how much they were playing and you think to yourself, they had such pure white skin and you think to yourself,

It just doesn't seem right what's occurred, you know.

My kids actually asked me not long ago, what would you do mummy if you lost one of us?

And I said, I'd probably curl up and die if I lost one of my kids and I lost two and I'm still standing and I don't know how, I honestly don't know how.

Sometimes I wish I wasn't.

It's been 16 weeks now since those terrible fires swept down through this valley, apparently obliterating everything, but of course they didn't.

Already all around me there's evidence of grasses, of ferns regrowing and most clearly on the charred trunks of the eucalypts that characteristic green fuzz that tells you that the gum trees are coming back.

And if nature in the Australian bush is always resurgent, so too is the spirit of the people who live here.

In King Lake, football reigns supreme, so much so this little town supports three teams.

When the fires wake, this club has become the heart of the community for residents like Rebecca and Ross Buchanan.

Go Lakers!

They've lived here since 1993, raising four children.

Two of them, Niamh and Maka, died in the fires.

Why do you stay now?

Because this is home.

Do you stay for their memories?

Yeah.

Not in spite of them?

Yeah.

No, I stay for their memories and, you know.

This is our community.

Yeah.

They've been, we're the community being so good.

We've had so much help and they stand by us, so we stand by them.

But beneath the outward signs of recovery, these people hide deep scars.

I've been, that's my best, best one.

I can say that.

I can do that, yeah.

You're certainly the glasses have full sort of bloke, aren't you?

You've got to be, Charlie.

If you're not, you've got no...

No chance.

Yeah, there's no chance, Charlie, no.

Darren Gibson is healing, but his story of loss and survival haunts him for every hour of every day.

A story he now tells for the first time.

Just before the fire, we were living the dream life, you know.

It is a slice of paradise and, you know, Charlie, I didn't see the danger.

Like so many, Darren had brought his family to King Lake for a life among the gum trees.

The good life.

Now, this former soldier has lost everything.

His home, Lesley, his wife of 10 years and his three children.

Keona, Jai and Ava.

Of course, I think to myself, I took my family there, so that's a little bit hard to swallow for me.

Tragedies like Darren's are being revealed daily as the Victorian Royal Commission investigates the fires.

But the cold, hard facts in the courtroom can't adequately describe the day when fire engulfed the Gibsons' dream home on the 7th of February.

I looked across at the paddock.

It was a bare paddock with just, like, wheat fields.

And I could see the fire starting to race towards me.

Darren tried to fight the fire with a garden hose, but the heat was too intense.

The family took refuge in the house.

We had to stay inside for some sort of shelter, even though the house was on fire.

And then the house, even the flames, was going across the roof.

And we were still there, but then I got a big gulp of, like, poisonous gas or something like that, and it almost choked me.

And I said, get out, get out.

Darren grabbed three-year-old Jai and baby paper.

His wife, Lesley, took four-year-old Keona.

But once outside, the flames seared their skin.

And then Lesley was screaming, it's burning, it's burning.

And so then

I said, Lesley, we've got to go down the mountain.

So I said, you have to jump the fence and go, you know.

And so she's jumped the fence with Keona and gone down.

But when Darren caught up, he found Lesley slumped on the burning hot earth.

And I'd noticed her sitting there.

Noticed her sitting there on the ground with Keona like this, nursing her.

And I just couldn't understand why Lesley was sitting on the ground over there.

And I've yelled to her, get to the dam, go to the dam.

The dam was about another 20 metres.

And she yelled to me, I can't move.

This was smoke inhalation, heat exhaustion?

I think she was too burnt or something like that.

And she was sitting on the ground, and I don't understand how she could be sitting on that ground.

So I thought, OK, I've got to try and save Ava first.

And I put Joy down on the towel.

And I ran straight across to the dam.

There's a little fence.

I just threw Ava over.

I don't even know where she landed.

I just threw her.

And then I'd run back.

And I was screaming every time my feet hit the ground, because my shoes had melted off already by this time.

And I was running.

Every step I was just yelling, try and get the pain away.

In terrible agony, Darren searched desperately for his son.

I got back to where I thought Joy was.

And I'm looking around.

There was a lot of smoke.

And I couldn't find him.

I couldn't see him anywhere.

I just ran back, seen Lesley and Kiona had passed away.

His wife and daughter dead and unable to find Joy, Darren raced back to where he'd left two-year-old Ava at the dam.

And we laid there on the edge, just on the edge with all of our body in the water and just our heads out.

And she was just laying there with her eyes closed saying, Mum, Mum.

I told you Ava was tough.

She was just laying there going, Mum, Mum.

And I was talking to her, sweetheart, we're getting lollies soon.

We're going up to the shop and we're going to get lollies.

And we're going to go and see Mum.

But she had her eyes closed.

I don't know where she was.

She might have been in limbo.

I don't know.

And at that time, I started to nod off myself, actually.

Father and daughter were finally found by a neighbour and rushed to hospital, where Darren spent a month in a medically induced coma.

He awoke to find that Ava, too, had died.

She looked really peaceful when they decided to turn the machine off.

So she was really peaceful.

And I prefer to think of it as she decided to go with her mum and her brothers and sisters.

And, you know, Charlie, it's probably a good thing because she was quite burnt.

So it was probably a good thing in the end for her.

Although I would have loved her to be with me today.

Yes, of course you would.

In a world thrown out of kilter, the father has to bury his children.

A reversal of the natural order of things and one that so many victims of Black Saturday have had to endure.

I can't even comprehend what it would be like to attend the funeral of one's own children.

It was really hard, but it was actually just another step.

That was hard.

But the funeral was a bit like, not a release, but it was the last thing I could do for the kids.

And so we gave them a party, you know.

It was a big celebration for them.

Rebecca and Ross Buchanan thought they'd planned so well, evacuating their youngest children to Rebecca's parents' place in the relative safety of the village.

Unaccountably, the house in the deep bush survived while her parents' place in King Lake burnt to the ground.

And Rebecca heard it all on a mobile phone call.

I rang my dad's mobile and it rang for a change.

And so I waited and waited and waited.

I kept saying, please answer, please answer, please answer.

Eventually, my brother answered.

And I said, Dan, what's happened?

He goes, we're stuffed.

It's really bad.

The house is on fire.

And I could hear all the commotion going on inside the house.

So I could hear the smoke alarms going.

I could hear the dogs.

I could hear the people.

And he said, we're really stuffed, he said.

And I said, well, can you get out?

He goes, no, we can't get out.

We're surrounded.

Including Rebecca's two children, five people died in that house, her brother Dan among them.

Part of the grim pattern of death that Saturday when a total of 113 died inside their homes.

Leaving the survivors like shell-shock casualties of war.

I love the Anzac stories.

And, you know, we're all Anzacs.

You know, we've returned from a war.

And we're going to be here for each other.

You know, and the mental problems that we do have are no dissimilar to somebody returning from a war.

And, you know, it will go on for years.

So too will the questions and recriminations.

The Royal Commission has much ground to cover.

Darren believes his family might be alive today had the authorities warned him before they closed off his only escape route.

I think to myself, why weren't we informed when you're going to block a road off?

That doesn't happen in five seconds.

And to me, I'm a little bit upset that if you're going to decide to do this in your planning stages, why haven't you bloody told the people?

We would have been straight down.

A little bit upset?

Yeah, I'm quite a bit upset because children burning is not good.

This

Hasn't been an easy story to tell, nor probably easy to watch.

The emotional wounds, just like the physical ones, are still raw and visceral and will be for a long time to come.

Still, for all that, you can't meet people like Darren Gibson and the Buchanans and not come away inspired by their strength, their courage and even more by their sheer human decency.

You are a model.

You're a tower of strength for all of us.

If that's the case...

If all of us were ever challenged in the way you are...

I hope no one...

Things like that are going to happen.

Yeah.

But it's a horrific thing.

If I've been able to achieve anything, of course it's from the military background.

Of course it is.

It's from the heart.

Yeah, maybe, yeah.

You can't train all that into somebody.

There's something good in there to begin with.

Thanks for your time.

Thank you.

Thank you very much.