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Chaser the Dog and Language Acquisition.f4v

Video vocabulary

weenie

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US / ˈwi:ni /

UK / ˈwini /

A1
  • noun
  • A frankfurter or similar sausage.
  • A man's penis.
  • A weak, socially inept, or boringly studious person.

able

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US / 'eɪbl /

UK / ˈebəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Skilled; good at something
  • Having the ability to do something

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

chaser

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US / 'tʃeɪsə(r) /

UK / ˈtʃesɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Person who follows and tries to overtake/capture

other

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US / 'ʌðə(r) /

UK / ˈʌðər /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A thing different from that mentioned
  • determiner
  • (Something) else; not the first (one)
  • pronoun
  • Being the one and only thing of that category

john

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US / dʒɔn /

UK / dʒɑn /

A1
  • noun
  • A toilet.
  • A prostitute's client.
  • proper noun
  • (1165–1216), son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine; king of England 1199–1216; known as John Lack
  • The name of six kings of Portugal.

you

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US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

how

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US / haʊ /

UK / haʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To what degree? in what amount?
  • adverb
  • (Used to explain the way to do something)
  • exclamation
  • For what purpose or reason?
  • (Used to ask someone or something's condition)

also

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US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition; too; in a similar way

word

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US / wɜ:d /

UK / wɚd /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of language that has a meaning
  • Promise
  • Short remark or piece of information
  • verb
  • To express something by choosing particular words

lip

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US / lɪp /

UK / lɪp /

A2
  • noun
  • Edge of a hole or container
  • Top and bottom part of the outside of your mouth

will

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US / wɪl /

UK / wɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Desire or choice of someone
  • Document saying who gets your money when you die
  • Strong desire to do something; determination
  • Desire to do something; strong wish to do
  • other
  • Used with verbs to express the future
  • verb
  • To leave property to someone after your death
  • To use mental effort to make something happen
  • Am (is, are) likely to do
  • To influence someone to do something
  • To make something happen by strongly wanting it

thousand

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US / ˈθaʊznd /

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

A1
  • number
  • Number 1,000

many

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US / 'menɪ /

UK / ˈmɛni /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer a large number of things

bouncy

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US / ˈbaʊnsi /

UK / ˈbaʊnsi /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Easily returning to previous state or position

chase

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US / tʃeɪs /

UK / tʃes /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of going after someone to catch them
  • other
  • To try very hard to get something that you want
  • verb
  • To go after with the intention of catching

too

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition, also; with emphasis
  • Say that something is more than you want

clue

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US / klu: /

UK / klu /

B1
  • noun
  • Information that helps explain something; hint

day

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US / deɪ /

UK / de /

A1
  • noun
  • A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
  • The period of time when it is light outside
  • Person's name

meaning

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US / ˈmi:nɪŋ /

UK / ˈminɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Idea or thing represented by words or sentences
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular intention or value

here

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US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • adverb
  • In this place; at this location, position or time

training

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US / ˈtreɪnɪŋ /

UK / ˈtrenɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of educating someone to get better at
  • verb
  • To teach a pet a behavior or a trick
  • To educate someone in something, e.g. medicine
  • To cause a plant to grow a certain way by cutting
  • To point a certain way or toward something
  • To practice to get better at a thing, e.g. sports

object

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US / 'ɒbdʒɪkt /

UK / ˈɑbdʒɪkt /

A2
  • noun
  • Something you can see or touch, but is not alive
  • Goal or purpose of a particular plan or activity
  • The thing that the action of a verb acts upon
  • verb
  • To disagree; to protest against an idea or plan

fuzzy

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US / 'fʌzɪ /

UK / ˈfʌzi /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Covered with fur or short hair
  • Not clear; blurred

never

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US / 'nevə(r) /

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not ever; not at any time

smart

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US / smɑ:t /

UK / smɑ:rt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Fashionable; well-dressed; well-groomed
  • Looking clean, neat and stylish
  • (Of phones, weapons) with clever features
  • Associated with rich, popular and stylish people
  • Clever; with intelligence
  • adverb
  • Energetic or quick in motion or movement
  • In a clever way; with intelligence
  • noun
  • Feeling of being hurt and upset
  • Sharp, burning pain
  • verb
  • To feel hurt or upset
  • To hurt with an unexpected sharp or burning pain

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

fact

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US / fækt /

UK / fækt /

A1
  • noun
  • Something that is known or proved to be true

well

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US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

ask

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US / ɑ:sk /

UK / æsk /

A1
  • verb
  • To say to someone that you want something

papa

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US / pə'pɑ: /

UK / ˈpɑpə,pəˈpɑ /

B2
  • noun
  • Another word for father

pretty

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US / 'prɪtɪ /

UK / ˈprɪti /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
  • adverb
  • Very; to a great degree

pour

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US / pɔ:(r) /

UK / pɔr, por /

A2
  • verb
  • To fill a person's glass or cup with a drink
  • To make something flow in a steady stream
  • To rain very heavily

look

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US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

fetch

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US / fetʃ /

UK / fɛtʃ /

A2
  • verb
  • To go and get something and bring it back

professor

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US / prəˈfesə(r) /

UK / prəˈfɛsɚ /

A2
  • noun
  • Teacher who teaches at a college or university

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

yep

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US / jep /

UK / jɛp /

B2
  • noun
  • Another way of saying 'yes'

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

nose

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US / nəʊz /

UK / noʊz /

A1
  • noun
  • Part of the face used for breathing and smelling
  • Front, pointed end of e.g. airplane or rocket
  • verb
  • To push with your face so you can smell something

tongue

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US / tʌŋ /

UK / tʌŋ /

A2
  • noun
  • Long, thin part of (e.g. shoe under the laces)
  • Meat from the mouth of an animal, cooked as food
  • A language
  • Movable fleshy thing in your mouth, for tasting
  • Act of scolding someone
  • A specific manner of speaking
  • verb
  • To using your mouth to produce musical notes
  • To use your mouth to touch something

work

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US / wɜ:k /

UK / wɚk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Activity completed in order to make money
  • noun
  • The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • Everything created by an author, artist, musician
  • Activity you do in order to make money
  • Place of employment
  • Final product or result of a some labor or effort
  • verb
  • To bring into a specific state of success
  • To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
  • To do your job in your company or workplace
  • To make an effort to do something
  • To operate a machine or device

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

bring

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US / brɪŋ /

UK / brɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To take or go with someone to a place

find

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US / faɪnd /

UK / faɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Object discovered by chance
  • Things that have been discovered from searching
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

boundary

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US / 'baʊndrɪ /

UK / ˈbaʊndəri, -dri /

B1
  • noun
  • A division or border to separate two areas

tortoise

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US / ˈtɔ:təs /

UK / ˈtɔ:rtəs /

C1
  • noun
  • Slow moving animal with a hard protective shell

get

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US / ɡet /

UK / ɡɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

noun

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US / naʊn /

UK / naʊn /

A1
  • noun
  • The subject or object of a sentence

different

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US / ˈdɪfrənt /

UK / ˈdɪfrənt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not of the same kind; unlike other things

she

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US / ʃɪ /

UK / ʃi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Female person or animal mentioned before
  • (Refers to female person mentioned before)

understanding

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US / ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ /

UK / ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being sympathetic
  • noun
  • When you get the meaning correctly; comprehension
  • Knowledge about something or someone
  • verb
  • To know the meaning of language, what someone says

ball

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US / bɔ:l /

UK / bɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • Large dance where people dress formally
  • Small round object often used in a game or sport

yeah

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US / jeə /

UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /

A1
  • exclamation
  • Another way of saying 'yes'

remarkable

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US / rɪˈmɑ:kəbl /

UK / rɪˈmɑrkəbəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Interesting and unexpected, worthy of notice

want

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US / wɔnt /

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you desire or wish for
  • State or condition of poverty
  • verb
  • To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

understand

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US / ˌʌndə'stænd /

UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /

A1
  • verb
  • To know the meaning of language, what someone says

pick

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US / pɪk /

UK / pɪk /

A1
  • noun
  • Sharp tool used for breaking the ground
  • Item selected from a group of choices
  • verb
  • To take fruit or vegetables from a plant or tree
  • To decide on a thing from various choices; select
  • To remove (flower, etc.) with your fingers

whether

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US / ˈweðə(r) /

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

A1
  • conjunction
  • If something will happen or not

round

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US / raʊnd /

UK / raʊnd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in the shape of a circle or ball
  • Consisting of curved and not straight lines
  • Somewhat fat or curved in physical appearance
  • Being a whole number, not a fraction, decimal
  • adverb
  • From beginning to end (e.g. of the year)
  • noun
  • One of the three-minute periods in boxing
  • Drinks bought by one person for a group
  • Series regular visits, routes, or stops at places
  • Single shot or bullet fired from a gun
  • An object with a circular shape
  • One stage in a series of games, e.g. football
  • One's turn in a game such as cards
  • preposition
  • Going around
  • verb
  • To cause or make a circular or curved shape
  • To go or pass around the bend or corner
  • To change from a fraction to nearest whole number

toy

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US / tɔɪ /

UK / tɔɪ /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Something small in size compared to an original
  • noun
  • Things children play with, as dolls or small cars
  • verb
  • To play with (your food, someone's feelings)

category

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US / ˈkætəgəri /

UK / ˈkætɪˌɡɔri, -ˌɡori /

B1
  • noun
  • Groups of things that are similar in some way

can

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US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

maybe

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US / ˈmeɪbi /

UK / ˈmebi /

A1
  • adverb
  • Possibly but not certainly; perhaps

belong

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US / bɪ'lɒŋ /

UK / bɪˈlɔŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be a welcomed as a new member of a group
  • To own something
  • To be in the right place or situation

generally

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US / /

UK / /

A2
  • adverb
  • Usually; as a rule; by, to or for most people

good

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US / ɡʊd /

UK / ɡʊd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper, appropriate or right
  • (Of an amount) enough; plenty
  • Excellent; high quality
  • Acting well or properly; of moral character
  • In a positive or happy emotional state
  • noun
  • Advantage or benefit

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

call

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US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

something

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US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately

name

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US / neɪm /

UK / nem /

A1
  • noun
  • What something or someone is called
  • verb
  • To state what someone is called, e.g. John

criterion

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US / kraɪ'tɪərɪən /

UK / kraɪˈtɪriən /

B1
  • noun
  • Standard used to make judgments or decisions

particular

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US / pəˈtɪkjələ(r) /

UK / pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ, pəˈtɪk- /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • One specific (one)
  • Having firm ideas about what is desirable
  • Being special or more than is typical

come

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US / kʌm /

UK / kʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To arrive at a place
  • (Of mail) to be delivered
  • To move toward someone; go with someone
  • To reach a certain point or state

any

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US / 'enɪ /

UK / ˈɛni /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • One, or some, no matter which
  • pronoun
  • One (thing) of many; some

over

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US / 'əʊvə(r) /

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Finished; no longer happening
  • Towards the ground/away from a standing position
  • noun
  • A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
  • other
  • Finished
  • preposition
  • Showing the relation when a thing is above another
  • On or covering something
  • Above or across something
  • More than you need
  • From one side to the other
  • In the direction of; toward

out

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US / aʊt /

UK / aʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
  • Away from home, business, or the usual place
  • In a direction/movement away from inside or center
  • noun
  • Act when a batter cannot continue playing
  • verb
  • To tell people a secret

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

screen

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US / skri:n /

UK / skrin /

A2
  • noun
  • Wire net in a door or window to keep insects out
  • Displays in a theater on which movies are shown
  • Flat surface on a computer or TV showing images
  • verb
  • To hide or block something from being seen
  • To examine to find something, e.g. best candidate

meet

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US / mi:t /

UK / mit /

A1
  • noun
  • Sporting competition e.g. swimming
  • verb
  • To provide something that is necessary
  • To come together at a certain time or place

psychology

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US / saɪ'kɒlədʒɪ /

UK / saɪˈkɑlədʒi /

C2
  • noun
  • The study of the mind and how it affects behavior
  • Way in which a person or group thinks and behaves

lot

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US / lɒt /

UK / lɑt /

A1
  • noun
  • What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • A group of people seen together
  • Item for sale at an auction
  • Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

huh

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US / hʌ /

UK / hʌ /

A1
  • exclamation
  • Sound people make when they are confused

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

visual

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US / 'vɪʒʊəl /

UK / ˈvɪʒuəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Of or relating to vision
  • noun
  • Pictures/images used to help audience understand

issue

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US / 'ɪʃu: /

UK / ˈɪʃu /

A2
  • noun
  • Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
  • Single edition of a magazine
  • verb
  • To make something available to be used or sold
  • To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner

girl

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US / gɜ:l /

UK / gɜ:rl /

A1
  • noun
  • A female child; a young woman

another

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US / əˈnʌðə(r) /

UK / əˈnʌðɚ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • One more, but not this
  • determiner
  • One more added
  • pronoun
  • One more (thing)

put

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US / pʊt /

UK / pʊt /

A1
  • phrasal verb
  • to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
  • verb
  • To move or place a thing in a particular position
  • To rate something in importance or value
  • To write or say something in a certain manner

see

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US / si: /

UK / si /

A1
  • verb
  • To go on a date with someone
  • To predict whether something is, or will be true
  • To understand what someone says
  • To use your eyes to look at something
  • To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
  • To visit or meet with someone
  • To find out by waiting or looking
  • To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

verb

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US / və:b /

UK / vɚb /

A1
  • noun
  • Word that expresses an action or state

hear

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US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • verb
  • To be aware of sound; to perceive with the ear
  • To be told or find out information or facts
  • To consider or listen to a court case

raise

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US / reɪz /

UK / rez /

A1
  • noun
  • Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
  • Pay increase
  • verb
  • To increase a bet above another when playing cards
  • To gather donations for a cause or charity
  • To bring up and educate a child to maturity
  • To bring a dead person to life
  • To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
  • To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
  • To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
  • To increase (salary, etc.)
  • To grow or care for plants or animals

charcoal

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US / ˈtʃɑ:kəʊl /

UK / ˈtʃɑ:rkoʊl /

B2
  • noun
  • Burnt wood used for fuel/drawing

know

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US / nəʊ /

UK / noʊ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be familiar with a person or place, thing
  • To feel sure or be convinced about something
  • To discover or be aware of something
  • To be able to distinguish
  • To have knowledge of things

behind

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US / bɪˈhaɪnd /

UK / bɪˈhaɪnd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a later or slower time than expected
  • Being in a losing position in a sporting event
  • Being in the past; old fashioned
  • adverb
  • Remaining
  • noun
  • The part of the body that one sits on
  • preposition
  • At or toward the back of someone or something
  • Supporting or helping someone

retire

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US / rɪ'taɪə(r) /

UK / rɪˈtaɪr /

A2
  • verb
  • To stop using, producing, or servicing something
  • To stop taking part in a competition or game
  • To quit having jobs because you are old
  • To move to a different area or room (formal)
  • To go to bed (formal)

command

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US / kə'mɑ:nd /

UK / kəˈmænd /

A2
  • noun
  • Electronic order to a computer to do something
  • An order to control things or others
  • verb
  • To be able to see far from a certain location
  • To give an order; have control over others
  • To have or get (respect or attention)

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

information

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US / ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn /

UK / ˌɪnfɚˈmeʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Collection of facts and details about something

sunflower

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US / 'sʌnflaʊə(r) /

UK / ˈsʌnˌflaʊɚ /

C1
  • noun
  • Very tall plant with large, bright yellow flowers

remember

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US / rɪ'membə(r) /

UK / rɪˈmɛmbɚ /

A1
  • verb
  • To give someone a gift, e.g. birthday, wedding
  • To hold a thought in your mind to not forget it
  • To bring a previous image or idea to your mind

paw

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US / pɔ: /

UK / pɔ /

B1
  • noun
  • Foot of an animal that has claws like a dog or cat
  • verb
  • To touch inappropriately, in a sexual way

hiding

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US / ˈhaɪdɪŋ /

UK / ˈhaɪdɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • A severe beating
  • verb
  • To go to, or put a thing where it can't be found

comprise

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US / kəm'praɪz /

UK / kəmˈpraɪz /

B1
  • verb
  • To be made up of (different parts)
  • Subtitles section
  • There's a remarkable dog called Chaser.
  • She belongs to John Pilley, a retired psychology professor, and John has been training her to see how many words she can learn.
  • Chaser has a lot of toys.
  • In fact, she has well over a thousand.
  • So can she remember their names?
  • Yep, 95% of them.
  • Sunflower.
  • Sunflower.
  • There's sunflower.
  • Shake.
  • Yeah, shake.
  • She knows her nouns from her verbs, so she knows whether to nose it or pour it or take it, and she knows lots of other commands as well.
  • Nose, ABC.
  • Nose, ABC.
  • So she can't pick up any information from visual clues.
  • John's hiding behind a screen here.
  • Paw, lips.
  • Paw, lips.
  • Paw, lips.
  • Paw, lips.
  • Good girl.
  • Good.
  • OK, So Chaser's never heard the word tortoise here, but she's going to work it out because it's different to all the other objects that she does know the name of.
  • Chaser, find tortoise.
  • Find tortoise.
  • Find tortoise.
  • Yeah, there's tortoise.
  • Put tortoise in tongue.
  • Good girl.
  • So if you ask Chaser to fetch something unfamiliar, he'll be able to work it out from context.
  • Pretty smart, huh?
  • Find charcoal, Chase.
  • Find charcoal.
  • Get charcoal.
  • Do it.
  • Do it, girl.
  • No, go get charcoal.
  • Get charcoal.
  • Get charcoal.
  • I want charcoal.
  • Bring it to Papa.
  • Bring it to Papa.
  • Yeah, bring it to Papa.
  • Come on.
  • There's charcoal.
  • Good girl.
  • Chaser can also understand superordinate nouns that comprise a category.
  • So ask him to fetch weenie, say, and he'll pick up a particular toy that's called weenie.
  • But ask him to pick up a ball and he'll know that he's looking for something that meets the criteria of being round and maybe bouncy too.
  • Go get another ball.
  • Go get another ball.
  • You're doing good, girl.
  • You're doing good.
  • Yeah, there's a ball.
  • Word meanings generally have fuzzy boundaries and it raises the issues of categories.
  • Chaser is understanding superordinate noun categories, but more on that another day.