Probing Platypus Evolution | National Geographic
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
than
US / ðən /
•UK / ðən /
- conjunction
- Used to compare two things that are not equal
one
US / wʌn /
•UK / wʌn /
- pronoun
- You; we; people in general; someone
- The thing or person previously referred to
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to people generally
- Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
- number
- Number 1
extract
US / 'ekstrækt /
•UK / ɪkˈstrækt /
- noun
- Essential ingredient of a natural thing
- Part taken from a longer written work
- verb
- To get a substance out of a plant, etc.
- To get a person to share secret information
- To remove something by pulling or cutting
into
US / 'ɪntə /
•UK / ˈɪntu /
- preposition
- Moving or going inside something
- In the same direction as; in the direction of
- So as to become; taking the state of
university
US / ˌju:nɪ'vɜ:sətɪ /
•UK / ˌjunɪˈvɜrsəti /
- noun
- High-level educational institution; college
surface
US / 'sɜ:fɪs /
•UK / ˈsɚfəs /
- adjecitve
- Of the top layer; not deep or meaningful
- noun
- Top layer of the ground or of water
- Nature or emotions that show, but may not be true
- Outside or upper layer of something
- verb
- To give (road) a top layer
- To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
- To come to the top of something; emerge
- To come to the top level of water, mud, etc.
three
US / θri: /
•UK / θri /
- number
- Number 3
awkward
US / ˈɔ:kwəd /
•UK / ˈɔkwəd /
- adjecitve
- Lacking smooth movement
- Causing embarrassment or trouble
- Difficult to deal with
able
US / 'eɪbl /
•UK / ˈebəl /
- adjecitve
- Skilled; good at something
- Having the ability to do something
ones
US / wʌnz /
•UK / wʌnz /
- number
- Number 1, a single person or thing
make
US / meɪk /
•UK / mek /
- noun
- Product made by a particular company; brand
- verb
- To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- To get to (a place) on time
- To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
- To create something by putting things together
- To earn a certain amount of money at a job
- To cause or force a person to do something
- To cause something to happen or be formed
drown
US / draʊn /
•UK / draʊn /
- verb
- To kill something by putting it under water
- To make something very wet or cover it completely
body
US / ˈbɒd.i /
•UK / ˈbɑdi /
- noun
- An object distinct from other objects
- A group of people involved in an activity together
- Main part of something
- A person's physical self
you
US / jʊ /
•UK / ju /
- pronoun
- Person someone is speaking or writing to
- Person or people in general
maximum
US / ˈmæksɪməm /
•UK / ˈmæksəməm /
- noun
- Largest or highest number or amount of something
handler
US / 'hændlə(r) /
•UK / ˈhændlɚ /
- noun
- Person who trains or exhibits animals
how
US / haʊ /
•UK / haʊ /
- adjecitve
- To what degree? in what amount?
- adverb
- (Used to explain the way to do something)
- exclamation
- For what purpose or reason?
- (Used to ask someone or something's condition)
kind
US / kaɪnd /
•UK / kaɪnd /
- adjecitve
- In a caring and helpful manner
- friendly and considerate
- noun
- One type of thing
identify
US / aɪ'dentɪfaɪ /
•UK / aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ /
- verb
- To indicate who or what someone or something is
five
US / faɪv /
•UK / faɪv /
- number
- 5
colleague
US / 'kɒli:ɡ /
•UK / ˈkɑlˌiɡ /
- noun
- Person you work or cooperate with
climate
US / ˈklaɪmət /
•UK / ˈklaɪmɪt /
- noun
- Typical weather conditions in a particular place
genetic
US / dʒəˈnetɪk /
•UK / dʒəˈnɛtɪk /
- adjecitve
- Of, relating to, or controlled by genes
half
US / hɑ:f /
•UK / hæf, hɑf /
- adjecitve
- Not complete
- adverb
- Partly; somewhat
- noun
- One of two equal periods of game time in a sport
- The part you get when one is divided into two;
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
material
US / məˈtɪəriəl /
•UK / məˈtɪriəl /
- adjecitve
- Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
- Belonging to the world of physical things
- noun
- Cloth; fabric
- Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
- Substance from which a thing is made of
researcher
US / rɪ'sɜ:tʃə(r) /
•UK / rɪˈsətʃɚ /
- noun
- Someone who works to find new facts and ideas
might
US / maɪt /
•UK / maɪt /
- other
- Used to politely request an action
- Used to express that something could happen
- Power, strength, force or influence
newly
US / ˈnu:li:, ˈnju:- /
•UK / ˈnuli, ˈnju- /
- adverb
- Very recently; just done or made
let
US / let /
•UK / lɛt /
- verb
- To allow someone to do something
- Introducing a suggestion to do something together
- To rent a house, etc. to others
little
US / 'lɪtl /
•UK / ˈlɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Being short in length of time
- Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
- Being very young or younger than others
- adverb
- By an amount or degree that is not very much
- Not often; rarely
- noun
- A person's name
james
US / dʒeimz /
•UK / dʒemz /
- proper noun
- The name of seven Stuart kings of Scotland.
- The name of two kings of England, Ireland, and Scotland.
big
US / bɪɡ /
•UK / bɪɡ /
- adjecitve
- Popular
- Serious
- Large
less
US / les /
•UK / lɛs /
- adjecitve
- Smaller in amount or degree
- adverb
- To a smaller degree
- noun
- A smaller amount
- preposition
- With the subtraction of
differently
US / 'dɪfrəntlɪ /
•UK / ˈdɪfərəntlɪ /
- adverb
- In another and different manner
answer
US / 'ɑ:nsə(r) /
•UK / ˈænsɚ /
- noun
- Reply to a question someone asks
- Solution to a problem or test question
- verb
- To reply to a question someone asks
- To solve a test question or a problem
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
may
US / meɪ /
•UK / me /
- noun
- 5th month of the year
- other
- Used to express a desire
- Expresses permission, possibility or probability
- Used to show that a thing could be true
program
US / 'prəʊɡræm /
•UK / ˈproˌɡræm, -ɡrəm /
- noun
- Small book of events in a play, concert or movie
- A plan or schedule of events
- Series of classes at a college or university
- A computer application
- TV show
- verb
- To make someone act or think in a certain way
- To write computer code for a piece of software
large
US / lɑ:dʒ /
•UK / lɑ:rdʒ /
- adjecitve
- Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat
most
US / məʊst /
•UK / most /
- adverb
- Very; extremely
- Greatest possible degree
- pronoun
- Nearly all of something
version
US / ˈvə:ʃən /
•UK / ˈvɚʒən, -ʃən /
- noun
- Different way that someone interprets something
- New or different form of something
- An updated form of some software
something
US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /
•UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /
- adverb
- In some degree or measure
- noun
- a person or thing of some value or consequence
- pronoun
- Thing that is not yet known or named
- Approximately
rather
US / 'rɑ:ðə(r) /
•UK / ˈræðɚ, ˈrɑðɚ /
- adverb
- Somewhat; fairly; not that much
east
US / i:st /
•UK / i:st /
- noun
- Direction where the sun rises
- Geographic area including India, China, Japan etc.
graceful
US / ˈgreɪsfl /
•UK / ˈɡresfəl /
- adjecitve
- Showing beautiful movement, behavior or form
two
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- number
- 2
release
US / rɪ'li:s /
•UK / rɪ'li:s /
- noun
- Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
- Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
- Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
- Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
- verb
- To free someone from a responsibility or burden
- To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
- To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
- To let go of something you are holding
only
US / ˈəunli /
•UK / ˈonli /
- adverb
- Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
- Not very important or serious
- Just that type of thing, person
- Short time ago; not before a certain time
- conjunction
- Except; but
until
US / ənˈtɪl /
•UK / ʌnˈtɪl /
- conjunction
- Up to; to a time when something happens
- preposition
- Before (a specific time)
lot
US / lɒt /
•UK / lɑt /
- noun
- What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- A group of people seen together
- Item for sale at an auction
- Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking
hope
US / həʊp /
•UK / hop /
- noun
- When you wish something will happen; what you wish
- verb
- To expect and want something to happen
culture
US / 'kʌltʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈkʌltʃɚ /
- noun
- Beliefs and customs of a particular group
back
US / bæk /
•UK / bæk /
- adjecitve
- Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
- adverb
- Have returned to a place you were before
- noun
- The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
- Location at the rear of something
- The reverse of side something
- Area on the rear of your body
- verb
- To bet money on something
- To go backwards in a car
- To support and encourage someone or some cause
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something
toe
US / təʊ /
•UK / toʊ /
- noun
- One of the five parts at the end of your foot
- Front part of a sock or shoe
far
US / fɑ:(r) /
•UK / fɑr /
- adjecitve
- A long way away
- Being a long way away
- adverb
- To a large degree or extent
cross
US / krɒs /
•UK / krɔs, krɑs /
- adjecitve
- Angry and upset
- From one side of something to the other
- noun
- (Of animals) mixture of breeds in one animal
- Person's name
- verb
- To put one thing over another e.g. arms
- To breed one type of animal or plant with another
- To not to agree with someone; oppose
- To go from one side of something to the other
- To meet at one point
await
US / əˈweɪt /
•UK / əˈwet /
- verb
- To keep ready for future needs
- To be ready to happen, or about to happen
skin
US / skɪn /
•UK / skɪn /
- noun
- Outer covering of an animal used for leather; hide
- Outer covering of a fruit or vegetable
- Outer layer of an animal or human
- Outer part of an object, such as a plane
- verb
- To defeat someone easily and completely
- To hurt yourself, accidentally cutting yourself
- To remove the outer covering from an animal
genetically
US / dʒə'netɪklɪ /
•UK / dʒə'netɪklɪ /
- adverb
- Caused or controlled, or by genes
inject
US / ɪn'dʒekt /
•UK / ɪnˈdʒɛkt /
- verb
- To add or put in more (money, energy etc.)
- To motivate or put energy into something
- To put medicine into someone with a syringe
come
US / kʌm /
•UK / kʌm /
- verb
- To arrive at a place
- (Of mail) to be delivered
- To move toward someone; go with someone
- To reach a certain point or state
national
US / 'næʃnəl /
•UK / ˈnæʃənəl, ˈnæʃnəl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning a nation as a whole
- noun
- A person of a particular country
from
US / frəm /
•UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /
- preposition
- Starting at a particular place, time or level
grip
US / ɡrɪp /
•UK / ɡrɪp /
- noun
- Strong understanding of an idea
- Control over something or someone
- Part of an object to help you hold onto it
- Act of holding something firmly
- other
- Control over something or someone
- verb
- To hold someone's interest
- To hold something in your hand very firmly
along
US / əˈlɒŋ /
•UK / əˈlɔ:ŋ /
- adverb
- As a companion; taken with someone
- preposition
- At a point on a line
region
US / 'ri:dʒən /
•UK / ˈridʒən /
- noun
- Part of a country, of the world, area, etc.
entangle
US / ɪnˈtæŋgl /
•UK / ɛnˈtæŋɡəl /
- verb
- To involve in troubles that are hard to escape
- (Of rope, string) to be tied in a way hard to undo
catchment
US / 'kætʃmənt /
•UK / ˈkætʃmənt, ˈkɛtʃ- /
- noun
- Area where rain water collects and is stored
another
US / əˈnʌðə(r) /
•UK / əˈnʌðɚ /
- adjecitve
- One more, but not this
- determiner
- One more added
- pronoun
- One more (thing)
foot
US / fʊt /
•UK / fʊt /
- noun
- Base of something such as a mountain or vase
- Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
- Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on
could
US / kəd /
•UK / kʊd /
- other
- Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
- Used to ask for something politely, or to offer
world
US / wɜ:ld /
•UK / wɜrld /
- noun
- All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- Political division due to some kind of similarity
sizeable
US / ˈsaɪzəbl /
•UK / ˈsaɪzəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Being large
sample
US / ˈsɑ:mpl /
•UK / ˈsæmpl /
- noun
- A small quantity of something used as a taster
- verb
- To try (e.g. food, drink), to see if you like it
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
sponsor
US / ˈspɒnsə(r) /
•UK / ˈspɑ:nsə(r) /
- noun
- Person that supports the passage of a new law
- Person giving money for someone's education
- verb
- To support the passage of a new law
- To help someone succeed by giving them money
- To pay for an event, usually as an advertisement
southern
US / ˈsʌðən /
•UK / ˈsʌðərn /
- adjecitve
- Concerning a region in the south
- Being in or toward the south
his
US / hɪz /
•UK / hɪz /
- pronoun
- Something belonging to a male person
datum
US / ˈdeɪtəm /
•UK / ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm /
- noun
- Item of factual information
tract
US / trækt /
•UK / trækt /
- noun
- A large stretch of land
- System of internal body parts, e.g. the intestines
- Piece of writing that communicates a certain view
nightfall
US / ˈnaɪtfɔ:l /
•UK / ˈnaɪtˌfɔl /
- noun
- Time of day immediately following sunset
rainforest
US / ˈreɪnfɒrɪst /
•UK / ˈreɪnfɔ:rɪst /
- noun
- Ancient forest growing in tropical regions
active
US / ˈæktɪv /
•UK / ˈæktɪv /
- adjecitve
- Moving around a lot or doing many things
challenge
US / 'tʃælɪndʒ /
•UK / ˈtʃæləndʒ /
- noun
- An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
- Act of formally inviting someone to compete
- A question to determine correctness of something
- verb
- To formally invite someone to compete at something
- To question the correctness of something
scientist
US / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
•UK / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
- noun
- Person who is trained in a science
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
last
US / lɑ:st /
•UK / læst /
- adjecitve
- Most recent; the latest
- The one before
- adverb
- Final; with nothing following; after all others
- Most recent; the latest
- determiner
- The one at the end
- verb
- To remain or continue for a certain period of time
island
US / ˈaɪlənd /
•UK / ˈaɪlənd /
- noun
- Area of land that is surrounded by water
coast
US / kəʊst /
•UK / kost /
- noun
- Land near the sea or ocean
- verb
- To progress in something without trying hard
- (Of a vehicle) to move forward without power
whereas
US / ˌweərˈæz /
•UK / hwɛrˈæz, wɛr- /
- conjunction
- Taking into consideration the fact that
hold
US / həʊld /
•UK / hold /
- noun
- Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
- Influence or power held over someone
- Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
- verb
- To agree to keep something for someone
- To have the capacity to support/contain something
- To control an area and protect it from attack
- To not allow someone to leave a place
- To cause an event to happen at a place or time
- To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
- To have a specific quality or property
- To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
- To have or own something
- To wait before being able to talk on the phone
- To limit the movement of someone in a sport
isolate
US / ˈaɪsəleɪt /
•UK / ˈaɪsəˌlet /
- verb
- To identify, consider, or deal with separately
- To keep in a place or situation apart from others
- To separate something from another substance
both
US / bəuθ /
•UK / boθ /
- determiner
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
- pronoun
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
look
US / lʊk /
•UK / lʊk /
- noun
- Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
- Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
- The way someone, something appears to be
- Act of searching for or examining something
- verb
- To appear to be; seem
bit
US / bɪt /
•UK / bɪt /
- noun
- Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- Small piece of something
- verb
- (E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught
believe
US / bɪ'li:v /
•UK / bɪˈliv /
- verb
- To think or accept that something is true
- To have a particular opinion about something
stefan
US / 'sti:pɪŋ /
•UK / 'sti:pɪŋ /
take
US / teɪk /
•UK / tek /
- noun
- Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
- verb
- To accept something that is offered
- To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
- To use a camera to make (a photo)
- To pick up something and go away with it
- To study a subject in school
- To attempt to pass (an exam)
- To require a certain amount of time, money, space
way
US / weɪ /
•UK / we /
- adverb
- Used to emphasize the amount of something
- noun
- Particular aspect of something being thought about
- One of various choices that could be made
- Particular existing condition or state
- (Often long) distance or length of time
- How something is done
- Route to go to a place
- Small street
- Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone
their
US / ðɛː /
•UK / ðer /
- determiner
- Belonging to them
lake
US / leɪk /
•UK / lek /
- noun
- Large area of water surrounded by land
pretty
US / 'prɪtɪ /
•UK / ˈprɪti /
- adjecitve
- Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- adverb
- Very; to a great degree
possible
US / ˈpɒsəbl /
•UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
- Having a chance of happening, or being true
kilogram
US / ˈkɪləgræm /
•UK / ˈkɪləɡræm /
- noun
- 1000g
web
US / web /
•UK / wɛb /
- noun
- Skin between ducks' toes that enables them to swim
- Internet's collection of interrelated information
- Net made from silk threads produced by spiders
- Complicated set of relationships or connections
strange
US / streɪndʒ /
•UK / strendʒ /
- adjecitve
- Unusual or odd; surprising because unexpected
US / 'pɒkɪt /
•UK / ˈpɑkɪt /
- adjecitve
- (As if) small enough to fit in your pocket
- noun
- Small cloth bag sewn into clothing to hold things
- Area of space
- verb
- To put something into your pocket
- To take or hide something illegally
platypus
US / ˈplætɪpəs /
•UK / ˈplætɪpəs /
- noun
- Small Australian aquatic animal with a broad tail
its
US / ɪts /
•UK / ɪts /
- adjecitve
- Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
- determiner
- Of something; belonging or related to something
- other
- Possessive form of “it”
all
US / ɔ:l /
•UK / ɔl /
- adverb
- Completely; totally
- determiner
- Being every one of something
- pronoun
- 100% of something; the complete amount
very
US / 'verɪ /
•UK / ˈvɛri /
- adjecitve
- Concerning a large degree or amount
- adverb
- A lot; much; many
- Used to stress or emphasize a noun
they
US / ðeɪ /
•UK / ðe /
- pronoun
- Two or more people, animals, or things
painful
US / ˈpeɪnfl /
•UK / ˈpenfəl /
- adjecitve
- Causing or feeling physical pain or hurt
male
US / meɪl /
•UK / ˈmel /
- adjecitve
- Characteristic of boys or men
- noun
- A member of the sex that fertilizes eggs
laboratory
US / lə'bɒrətrɪ /
•UK / ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, -ˌtori /
- noun
- A place to do scientific experiments
between
US / bɪˈtwi:n /
•UK / bɪˈtwin /
- preposition
- From one person, thing, or place, to another
- In the space that separates two objects
- Among two or more people who share something
work
US / wɜ:k /
•UK / wɚk /
- adjecitve
- Activity completed in order to make money
- noun
- The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
- Everything created by an author, artist, musician
- Activity you do in order to make money
- Place of employment
- Final product or result of a some labor or effort
- verb
- To bring into a specific state of success
- To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
- To do your job in your company or workplace
- To make an effort to do something
- To operate a machine or device
venom
US / ˈvenəm /
•UK / ˈvɛnəm /
- noun
- Poison, e.g. one produced by plant or animal
- Strong anger or hate shown by being unpleasant
old
US / əʊld /
•UK / old /
- adjecitve
- Having existed for a long time, not young or new
- Age of a person since birth
somewhere
US / 'sʌmweə(r) /
•UK / ˈsʌmˌhwɛr, -ˌwɛr /
- adverb
- At or to an unknown or unnamed place
upland
US / ˈʌplənd /
•UK / ˈʌplənd, -ˌlænd /
- noun
- Elevated area of land
range
US / reɪndʒ /
•UK / rendʒ /
- noun
- Cooking stove with multiple burners
- Given distance from a point; how far plane can fly
- Large grassy area where cattle wander and feed
- Group or chain of mountains
- Set of things with something in common
- Limits within which something extends or varies
- A set of products, e.g. so that people can choose
- verb
- To cover an area from one point to another
- To extend to or vary within given limits
- To put things in a row or in line
- To wander or explore
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
animal
US / ˈænɪml /
•UK / ˈænəməl /
- noun
- A living creature that is not a plant or person
special
US / 'speʃl /
•UK / ˈspɛʃəl /
- adjecitve
- Being additional or extra
- Different, better or greater than normal
- noun
- Heavily discounted sales item
difference
US / 'dɪfrəns /
•UK / ˈdɪfərəns, ˈdɪfrəns /
- noun
- A thing or issue that people do not agree about
- Not of the same kind; unlike other things
determine
US / dɪ'tɜ:mɪn /
•UK / dɪˈtɚmɪn /
- verb
- To control exactly how something will be or act
- To establish the facts about; discover
those
US / ðəʊz /
•UK / ðoz /
- determiner
- The people or things we are talking about
- pronoun
- The objects far from the speaker
occur
US / əˈkɜ:(r) /
•UK / əˈkɚ /
- verb
- To come to pass or to happen
system
US / 'sɪstəm /
•UK / ˈsɪstəm /
- adjecitve
- Working in an organized, logical way
- noun
- Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
much
US / mʌtʃ /
•UK / mʌtʃ /
- adjecitve
- Very; to a high level or degree
- adverb
- A lot; large amount; a high degree of
- Nearly; basically
- On many occasions; often
- noun
- A large amount; a great quantity
extremely
US / ɪkˈstri:mli /
•UK / ɪk'strimlɪ /
- adverb
- In a way that is much more than usual or expected
evolve
US / ɪ'vɒlv /
•UK / ɪˈvɑlv /
- verb
- To develop certain features
- To develop or change slowly over time
- To slowly change or develop into something better
capable
US / 'keɪpəbl /
•UK / ˈkepəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Being able to do something very well; proficient
few
US / fju: /
•UK / fju /
- pronoun
- Not many, a small number
question
US / 'kwestʃən /
•UK / ˈkwɛstʃən /
- noun
- Issue or problems you are dealing with
- What you ask about; issue
- verb
- To ask for or try to get information
- To have or express concerns or uncertainty
difficult
US / 'dɪfɪkəlt /
•UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlt, -kəlt /
- adjecitve
- Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it
depend
US / dɪˈpend /
•UK / dɪˈpend /
- verb
- Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
water
US / 'wɔ:tə(r) /
•UK / ˈwɔtɚ, ˈwɑtɚ /
- noun
- Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
- Large area such as an ocean or sea
- verb
- (Of the eyes) to produce tears
- (Mouth) to become wet at the thought of nice food
- To pour liquids onto a plant to keep it alive
subject
US / 'sʌbdʒɪkt /
•UK / ˈsʌbdʒekt /
- noun
- Citizen of an area or country
- The person or thing that does the action of a verb
- People who take part in experiments or tests
- An area of study at school, e.g. math, history
- What a book, article etc. is about; theme
- verb
- To cause to suffer or experience something
chromosome
US / ˈkrəʊməsəʊm /
•UK / ˈkroʊməsoʊm /
- noun
- Cell structures that carry the genetic material
why
US / waɪ /
•UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /
- adverb
- Question word to ask for a reason
- exclamation
- (Used to express surprise or approval)
time
US / taɪm /
•UK / taɪm /
- noun
- Speed at which music is played; tempo
- Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
- Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
- Occasion when something happens
- Period or occasion that something occurred
- Period in history or the past
- Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
- How long an event takes; duration
- verb
- To check speed at which music is performed
- To choose a specific moment to do something
- To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
- To schedule something to occur at a specific moment
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
unique
US / jʊ'ni:k /
•UK / juˈnik /
- adjecitve
- Unlike other things; being the only one like it
well
US / wel /
•UK / wɛl /
- adjecitve
- Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
- Healthy and in good condition
- adverb
- In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
- In a complete, total, or full manner
- A great and considerable degree
- In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
- exclamation
- Used to begin or continue a particular statement
- Used to show you want to start saying something
- Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
- You say this to change the topic of a conversation
- Used to indicate you are making a final remark
- noun
- Long deep hole in the ground to get water
- verb
- To cause your eyes to fill with tears
stream
US / stri:m /
•UK / strim /
- noun
- Classes split into ability levels
- A small river
- verb
- To send a constant flow of data over the internet
- To split classes or students into ability levels
piece
US / pi:s /
•UK / pis /
- noun
- A counter in a board game
- Small part of something larger
- verb
- To put items together to assemble something
queensland
US / 'kwi:nzlənd /
•UK / 'kwi:nzlənd /
- noun
- A state in northeastern Australia
land
US / lænd /
•UK / lænd /
- noun
- Region or country
- Earth; the ground
- verb
- To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
- To obtain or get something that you wanted
- To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
- To cause to arrive in a specific place or state
ask
US / ɑ:sk /
•UK / æsk /
- verb
- To say to someone that you want something
record
US / 'rekɔ:d /
•UK / ˈrekərd /
- noun
- Highest or most extreme level achieved
- Round plastic disc on which music has been stored
- History of a person's past actions or achievements
- verb
- To indicate a temperature, speed, etc.; register
- To write down or say what happened
- To put music, sounds onto a device to store it
can
US / kæn /
•UK / kən,kæn /
- noun
- A metal container for storing food
- other
- Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
- verb
- To have permission to
- To be possible to do
- To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container
tributary
US / ˈtrɪbjətri /
•UK / ˈtrɪbjəteri /
- adjecitve
- Flowing into a larger stream
study
US / 'stʌdɪ /
•UK / ˈstʌdi /
- noun
- Room that a person studies or reads in
- Piece of research
- Topic or subject you research or learn about
- verb
- To focus on learning something usually at school
principal
US / ˈprɪnsəpl /
•UK / ˈprɪnsəpəl /
- adjecitve
- Being the main or most important
- noun
- Leading person in a group of musicians or dancers
- Head teacher of a school
- Original amount of money borrowed
necessary
US / 'nesəsərɪ /
•UK / ˈnɛsɪˌsɛri /
- adjecitve
- Needed or required; unavoidable
north
US / nɔ:θ /
•UK / nɔ:rθ /
- adjecitve
- Coming from the opposite direction to the south
- noun
- Direction to your left when facing the rising sun
interested
US / ˈɪntrəstɪd /
•UK / ˈɪntrɪstɪd, -tərɪstɪd, -təˌrɛstɪd /
- adjecitve
- Having had your attention taken; curious
- verb
- To make someone want to know about something
- To persuade to do, become involved with something
endear
US / ɪnˈdɪə(r) /
•UK / ɪnˈdɪr /
- transitive verb
- Cause to be loved or liked.
river
US / ˈrɪvə(r) /
•UK / ˈrɪvɚ /
- noun
- Flowing water that runs from mountains to the sea
especially
US / ɪˈspeʃəli /
•UK / ɛˈspɛʃəli, ɪˈspɛʃ- /
- adverb
- More than usual; extremely
give
US / ɡɪv /
•UK / ɡɪv /
- noun
- Degree of flexibility in something, a material
- verb
- To hand over or present something to someone
- To cause someone to have or experience something
good
US / ɡʊd /
•UK / ɡʊd /
- adjecitve
- Proper, appropriate or right
- (Of an amount) enough; plenty
- Excellent; high quality
- Acting well or properly; of moral character
- In a positive or happy emotional state
- noun
- Advantage or benefit
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
south
US / saʊθ /
•UK / saʊθ /
- adjecitve
- Direction to your right when facing the rising sun
- Coming from the opposite direction from north
- noun
- The direction to your right of the rising sun
now
US / naʊ /
•UK / naʊ /
- adverb
- At the present time or moment
- Right away or in the next possible moment
- Used to refer to something that just happened
- Time between the present and a moment in the past
- conjunction
- Resulting from or because of something
microchip
US / ˈmaɪkrəʊtʃɪp /
•UK / ˈmaɪkrəˌtʃɪp /
- noun
- Device in computers that do calculations
planet
US / 'plænɪt /
•UK / ˈplænɪt /
- noun
- One of the bodies that orbit the sun
measure
US / ˈmeʒə(r) /
•UK / ˈmɛʒɚ /
- noun
- Plan to achieve a desired result
- Tool used to calculate the size of something
- verb
- To determine the value or importance of something
- To calculate size, weight or temperature of
creek
US / kri:k /
•UK / krik, krɪk /
- noun
- Water channel that is smaller than a river
weight
US / weɪt /
•UK / wet /
- noun
- How heavy something is
- Metal object to measure how heavy something is
- Importance, power, and influence person, thing has
- A source of worry, sadness, or emotional stress
weigh
US / weɪ /
•UK / weɪ /
- verb
- To balance things against each other
- To consider something carefully to form an opinion
- To determine the weight of, using scales
effect
US / ɪ'fekt /
•UK / ɪˈfɛkt /
- noun
- An advantage, benefit
- Change brought about by a cause; result
collect
US / kəˈlekt /
•UK / kəˈlɛkt /
- adverb
- By asking the receiver of a call to pay for it
- verb
- To ask for money, e.g. for a charity
- To gather things, people together in one place
- To get and keep one type of things as a hobby
- To take things and bring them together
- To go and receive, e.g. a prize or an award
- To take control of your own feelings or thoughts
prevent
US / prɪ'vent /
•UK / prɪˈvɛnt /
- verb
- To stop something from happening or existing
creature
US / ˈkri:tʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈkritʃɚ /
- noun
- Animal of any type
become
US / bɪ'kʌm /
•UK / bɪˈkʌm /
- verb
- To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
- To be suitable for a particular job or role
spur
US / spɜ:(r) /
•UK / spɚ /
- noun
- Rock that sticks out from the side of a mountain
- Something that makes a person act
- verb
- To make your horse go faster
- To make someone want to do something
size
US / saɪz /
•UK / saɪz /
- noun
- How big or small a thing is
- Standard measurements for clothing, shoes
- verb
- To make something to fit a particular measurement
- To organize or group from small to large
not
US / nɒt /
•UK / nɑt /
- adverb
- Word indicating the negative
- (Used to form the negative of verbs)
quite
US / kwaɪt /
•UK / kwaɪt /
- adverb
- Not very; fairly
- Very; In a complete or total manner
historical
US / /
•UK / /
- adjecitve
- Connected with the past
separate
US / 'sepəreɪt /
•UK / 'sepəreɪt /
- adjecitve
- Being different from or unrelated to another
- verb
- To divide two things by being in between them
- To live away from your husband or wife
- To move things away from each other
population
US / ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn /
•UK / ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən /
- noun
- Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
flow
US / fləʊ /
•UK / flo /
- noun
- Amount of something that moves through an area
- verb
- To move steadily and easily in a certain direction
use
US / ju:s /
•UK / ju:s /
- noun
- Ability to employ something
- Need to enable it to work
- Permission to do something with something
- Act of spending money
- Operation of a machine for its function
- verb
- To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
- To need to operate or work
- To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
- To treat a person badly
- To do something with, for a task or purpose
potent
US / 'pəʊtnt /
•UK / ˈpotnt /
- adjecitve
- (Of men) being able to make a woman pregnant
- Having a powerful effect, e.g. on the body or mind
actually
US / ˈæktʃuəli /
•UK / ˈæktʃuəli /
- adverb
- Used to add new (often different) information
once
US / wʌns /
•UK / wʌns /
- adverb
- One time; one instance
- At a time in the past
- conjunction
- When; as soon as
mammal
US / 'mæml /
•UK / ˈmæməl /
- noun
- Animal which drinks milk from its mother
third
US / θɜ:d /
•UK / θɜ:rd /
- adjecitve
- 3rd: Number after second
mission
US / 'mɪʃn /
•UK / ˈmɪʃən /
- noun
- A task or role someone is given to do
- Special assignment given to a person or group
- Group tasked with a specific duty
- A task given to someone to gain or achieve
- Religious group wishing to convert others
- Housing for a religious group working overseas
- Religious or charitable task in a foreign country
ever
US / 'evə(r) /
•UK / ˈɛvɚ /
- adverb
- At any time; at all times in the future
gene
US / dʒi:n /
•UK / dʒin /
- noun
- Part of cell controlling development of a thing
tail
US / teɪl /
•UK / tel /
- noun
- Extended part at the back of an animal's body
- Back or last part of something e.g. shirt
- verb
- To be end of (a march or parade, line)
- To follow someone secretly and watch what they do
team
US / ti:m /
•UK / tim /
- noun
- Group of people working on a task together
- Group of people playing a sport together
net
US / net /
•UK / nɛt /
- adjecitve
- Remaining amount after something is taken away
- noun
- Internet
- Crossed rope, fibers with partly open pattern
- Crossed ropes that make up the back of a goal
- verb
- To catch or cover something in a mesh, often fish
- To gain or earn a certain amount of money
- To hit a ball into a goal during a sports event
many
US / 'menɪ /
•UK / ˈmɛni /
- determiner
- Used to refer a large number of things
itself
US / ɪtˈself /
•UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /
- pronoun
- Referring to it
cook
US / kʊk /
•UK / kʊk /
- noun
- A person who prepares food
- Person's name
- verb
- To heat food until it is ready to eat
always
US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /
•UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /
- adverb
- For a very long time
- At all times; in every situation
- For ever
lee
US / li: /
•UK / li /
- noun
- The side of something that is sheltered from the wind
area
US / 'eərɪə /
•UK / ˈɛriə /
- noun
- Amount of measured space
- A specific section or space; part of a region
- A subject or field of study
should
US / ʃʊd /
•UK / ʃʊd /
- other
- Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable
science
US / 'saɪəns /
•UK / ˈsaɪəns /
- noun
- Study of the physical world, based on facts
exactly
US / ɪgˈzæktli /
•UK / ɪɡˈzæktli /
- adverb
- No more and no less than; precisely
australia
US / ɒˈstreɪliə /
•UK / ɔːˈstreɪliə /
- noun
- The smallest continent; between the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean
swim
US / swɪm /
•UK / swɪm /
- noun
- Act of swimming in a pool or ocean
- verb
- To move through water by moving parts of the body
tool
US / tu:l /
•UK / tul /
- noun
- Device used to make things, e.g. a hammer
- verb
- To provide a workshop with the right equipment
small
US / smɔ:l /
•UK / smɔl /
- adjecitve
- Little in size; not big
- (Of letters) not written in capital letters
- Being insignificant or minor
- (Of a business) with few people or things; local
- (Of voice) being soft and quiet
- (Of a child) being young
new
US / nju: /
•UK / nu, nju /
- adjecitve
- Not old, recently born, built or made
- Being or doing something for the first time
- Not felt, seen or known previously
- Having been recently bought or obtained
here
US / hɪə(r) /
•UK / hɪr /
- adverb
- In this place; at this location, position or time
freshwater
US / 'freʃwɔ:tə(r) /
•UK / ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtɚ, -ˌwɑtɚ /
- noun
- Water that is not salty
hind
US / haɪnd /
•UK / haɪnd /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the rear or back part of animals
enough
US / ɪˈnʌf /
•UK / ɪˈnʌf /
- adjecitve
- Sufficient to answer the need
- adverb
- To a satisfactory degree
- pronoun
- Equal to what is needed; as much as required
- Adequate number or amount
find
US / faɪnd /
•UK / faɪnd /
- noun
- Object discovered by chance
- Things that have been discovered from searching
- verb
- To become aware of something that is happening
- To discover or meet by chance
- To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
- To learn through study, research, or effort
- To discover something by looking for it
cell
US / sel /
•UK / sɛl /
- noun
- Smallest unit of living things in biology
- Group of people - often from a secret organization
- Prisoner's room in a jail
- Shortened form of 'cellphone'
place
US / pleɪs /
•UK / ples /
- noun
- Particular location, area or region
- verb
- To put someone in a particular type of situation
- To put something in a certain location or position
venomous
US / ˈvenəməs /
•UK / ˈvɛnəməs /
- adjecitve
- Extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom
specie
US / 'spi:ʃi: /
•UK / 'spi:ʃɪ /
- noun
- Singular of species
interesting
US / ˈɪntrəstɪŋ /
•UK / ˈɪntrɪstɪŋ, -tərɪstɪŋ, -təˌrɛstɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Taking your attention; making you want to know
- verb
- To make someone want to know about something
- To persuade to do, become involved with something
bill
US / bɪl /
•UK / bɪl /
- noun
- Plan for a new law being discussed by a government
- Sign or poster advertising something
- Paper money; a bank note
- Piece of paper showing what you have to pay
- Hard, often pointed part of a bird's mouth
- Person's name
- verb
- To request payment by handing over an invoice
sex
US / seks /
•UK / sɛks /
- noun
- State of being male or female
- Physical activity by which we produce babies
get
US / ɡet /
•UK / ɡɛt /
- verb
- To become affected by illness or disease
- To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
- To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
- To go somewhere to obtain something
- To (cause to) do a particular thing
- To obtain, receive or be given something
- To currently have
- To prepare for use
- To understand something being said or read
aware
US / əˈwɛə /
•UK / əˈwɛr /
- adjecitve
- Knowing or feeling that something exists
analysis
US / əˈnæləsɪs /
•UK / əˈnælɪsɪs /
- noun
- Careful study to better understand something
what
US / wɒt /
•UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /
- pronoun
- Thing or things that; the same kind as
- Used to emphasize something you are about to say
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
- Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
- adverb
- To a certain degree
- determiner
- Question words used for asking for information
- exclamation
- Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
- Used to ask people to repeat something they said
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
migrate
US / maɪˈgreɪt /
•UK / ˈmaɪgreɪt /
- verb
- To move from one country or place to live or work
people
US / 'pi:pl /
•UK / ˈpipəl /
- noun
- Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
- Men, Women, Children
health
US / helθ /
•UK / hɛlθ /
- noun
- (Person, company) being in a good condition; well
even
US / 'i:vn /
•UK / ˈivən /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
- Being divided equally or fairly
- (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
- Smooth, level, or regular
- Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
- At a regular, equally steady manner
- Remaining steady and unchanging
- adverb
- (When this is surprising) as well; too
- (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
different
US / ˈdɪfrənt /
•UK / ˈdɪfrənt /
- adjecitve
- Not of the same kind; unlike other things
about
US / ə'baʊt /
•UK / əˈbaʊt /
- adverb
- To be ready to; going to
- Nearly; approximately; roughly
- Near; next to; close to
- In every direction; in the area of
- preposition
- Concerning or of (a topic)
then
US / ðen /
•UK / ðɛn /
- adverb
- A time that is not now
- Following another thing in time or arrangement
- Following on reasonably from what was just stated
- At that time, not now
down
US / daʊn /
•UK / daʊn /
- adjecitve
- Being sad, sick, or unhappy
- Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
- adverb
- In a sitting or lying position
- Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
- Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
- noun
- A period of play in American Football
- The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
- preposition
- Along something's path, course, or direction
- Going from a higher position to a lower position
- verb
- To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping
dna
US / ˌdiː en ˈeɪ /
•UK / ˌdiː en ˈeɪ /
- noun
- Chemical in living cells with genetic information
abundant
US / əˈbʌndənt /
•UK / əˈbʌndənt /
- adjecitve
- Being in very great supply; plentiful