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Children offered 'game-changing' NHS cancer treatment | ITV News

Video vocabulary

patient

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US / 'peɪʃnt /

UK / ˈpeʃənt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Not getting annoyed when things take a long time
  • noun
  • Person who receives medical treatment or care

antigen

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US / ˈæntɪdʒən /

UK / ˈæntɪdʒən /

B2
  • noun
  • Substance that produces antibodies in the body

immune

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US / ɪˈmju:n /

UK / ɪˈmjoon /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Having a special protection from, e.g. the law

big

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US / bɪɡ /

UK / bɪɡ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Popular
  • Serious
  • Large

researcher

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US / rɪ'sɜ:tʃə(r) /

UK / rɪˈsətʃɚ /

A2
  • noun
  • Someone who works to find new facts and ideas

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

forward

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US / 'fɔ:wəd /

UK / ˈfɔrwəd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Toward what is ahead; in front
  • Acting in a socially aggressive manner; pushy
  • adverb
  • Toward the front in place; in front
  • Toward a future time; to a more advanced state
  • verb
  • To send something to another address or person

power

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US / 'paʊə(r) /

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal or official right to perform certain actions
  • Ability to move forcefully and quickly
  • Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
  • Mathematical way to multiply a number
  • Condition of being in political control
  • Physical force, energy, and strength
  • verb
  • To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
  • To move something forcefully and quickly

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

make

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US / meɪk /

UK / mek /

A1
  • noun
  • Product made by a particular company; brand
  • verb
  • To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • To get to (a place) on time
  • To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
  • To create something by putting things together
  • To earn a certain amount of money at a job
  • To cause or force a person to do something
  • To cause something to happen or be formed

treat

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US / tri:t /

UK / trit /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you buy for others as a surprise present
  • something that tastes good and that is not eaten often
  • verb
  • To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
  • To use medical methods to try to cure an illness
  • To act in a certain way toward someone

live

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US / lɪv /

UK / liv /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
  • Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
  • Glowing because burning; hot
  • Not yet killed (for food)
  • adverb
  • (Music, drama) as it is performed
  • verb
  • To be alive
  • To experience a particular type of life
  • To make your home in a house or town

you

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US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

free

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US / fri: /

UK / fri /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Living, happening without being controlled
  • Costing no money
  • Not working; not busy
  • verb
  • To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison

lymphoblastic

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US / ˌlimfəuˈblæstik /

UK / ˌlimfəuˈblæstik /

A1
  • adjecitve

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

like

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US / laɪk /

UK / laɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in status or kind to something else
  • Similar; the same
  • adverb
  • For example
  • preposition
  • Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
  • In a way similar to the way something is done
  • Such as; for example
  • verb
  • To want to
  • To find something pleasing; to prefer something

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

leukaemia

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US / luːˈkiːmiə /

UK / luːˈkiːmiə /

B2
  • noun
  • Blood cancer in which white blood cells increase

lab

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US / læb /

UK / læb /

B1
  • noun
  • Short for 'laboratory'

mean

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US / mi:n /

UK / min /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good at
  • Nasty; unkind
  • Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
  • noun
  • Average of a set of numbers
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular meaning or value

require

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US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /

UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /

A2
  • verb
  • To demand that someone does something
  • To need to do something, to make it necessary

type

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US / taɪp /

UK / taɪp /

A1
  • noun
  • Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
  • Group of things or people sharing common features
  • verb
  • To identify something belonging to a group
  • To write by touching keys on a keyboard

first

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US / fɜ:st /

UK / fɚst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
  • noun
  • Something that has not happened before
  • Position of the winner of a competition

get

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US / ɡet /

UK / ɡɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

tell

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US / tel /

UK / tɛl /

A1
  • verb
  • To (strongly) advise a person to do something
  • To be able to guess
  • To say or communicate information to someone
  • To inform, but without speaking; indicate
  • To have a negative effect on someone
  • To order someone to do something; command
  • To recognize something based on certain signs
  • To report something to an authority
  • To explain something or teach someone something

elsewhere

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US / ˌelsˈweə(r) /

UK / ˌelsˈwer /

A1
  • adverb
  • In, or to, another or different place

right

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US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Correct or true
  • The south side of you looking at the rising sun
  • adverb
  • Exactly in a place or time
  • Being appropriate for a particular event
  • In a straight or direct manner
  • noun
  • Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
  • Ideal of what is just and good
  • Political view based on conservatism
  • verb
  • To fix something previously wrong or unjust
  • To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

cell

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US / sel /

UK / sɛl /

A2
  • noun
  • Smallest unit of living things in biology
  • Group of people - often from a secret organization
  • Prisoner's room in a jail
  • Shortened form of 'cellphone'

fight

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US / faɪt /

UK / faɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • An argument or quarrel
  • Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
  • A struggle to do a difficult task
  • verb
  • To argue or quarrel with someone about something
  • To try to hurt someone by hitting them
  • To struggle to do a difficult task

nhs

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US / ˌen eɪtʃ ˈes /

UK / ˌen eɪtʃ ˈes /

A1
  • abbreviation
  • (in the UK) National Health Service.

tumour

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US / ˈtju:mə(r) /

UK / ˈtuːmər /

B1
  • noun
  • Abnormal growth of cells; cancer

mum

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US / mʌm /

UK / mʌm /

A1
  • noun
  • Mother

then

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US / ðen /

UK / ðɛn /

A1
  • adverb
  • A time that is not now
  • Following another thing in time or arrangement
  • Following on reasonably from what was just stated
  • At that time, not now

step

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US / step /

UK / stɛp /

A1
  • noun
  • Movement done as part of a particular dance
  • Distance covered by one movement of a leg; stride
  • One part or stage in a process
  • Sound made by the feet while walking; footstep
  • Flat horizontal piece that forms stairs
  • verb
  • To raise and moving the foot to put it down

hand

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US / hænd /

UK / hænd /

A1
  • noun
  • Cards given to a player in a card game
  • Piece of a clock that points to the time
  • Someone who performs physical tasks or work
  • Body part at the end of a person's arm
  • Help for someone performing a particular action
  • Condition of having power or influence
  • Member of the crew of a ship
  • verb
  • To give something to someone personally

blood

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US / blʌd /

UK / blʌd /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Related by birth; family
  • noun
  • Red liquid in the bodies of people and animals
  • verb
  • To be initiated into something, e.g. a secret club

car

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US / kɑ:(r) /

UK / kɑr /

A1
  • noun
  • A vehicle with wheels and engine to carry people

england

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US / 'ɪŋɡlənd /

UK / ˈɪŋɡlənd /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A European country that forms the largest and most southern part of Great Britain and of the United

busy

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US / 'bɪzɪ /

UK / ˈbɪzi /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Working hard doing something; full of activity
  • verb
  • To actively be occupied with doing something

could

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US / kəd /

UK / kʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
  • Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

know

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US / nəʊ /

UK / noʊ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be familiar with a person or place, thing
  • To feel sure or be convinced about something
  • To discover or be aware of something
  • To be able to distinguish
  • To have knowledge of things

cure

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US / kjʊə(r) /

UK / kjʊr /

B1
  • noun
  • Something that solves a problem or makes it better
  • Medical treatment making a sick person healthy
  • verb
  • To fix or improve a problem
  • To make someone healthy or make a disease go away
  • To keep food from going bad by drying or salting

instance

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US / 'ɪnstəns /

UK / ˈɪnstəns /

A2
  • noun
  • An example of something; case
  • verb
  • To give as an example of something else

his

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US / hɪz /

UK / hɪz /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Something belonging to a male person

via

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US / ˈvaɪə /

UK / ˈvaɪə, ˈviə /

B1
  • preposition
  • By the means of using something
  • By going through, by way of

with

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US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

expertise

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US / ˌekspɜ:ˈti:z /

UK / ˌekspɜːrˈtiːz /

B1
  • noun
  • The special knowledge that an expert has

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

miracle

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US / 'mɪrəkl /

UK / ˈmɪrəkəl /

B1
  • noun
  • Amazing, seemingly impossible thing that happened

save

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US / seɪv /

UK / sev /

A1
  • noun
  • Preventing a player in a game from scoring a goal
  • preposition
  • Except; not including
  • verb
  • To make your computer keep a file
  • To keep for future use
  • To make something unnecessary; prevent
  • To keep money so that you will have it later
  • To keep something for future use, such as money
  • To keep or rescue someone or something from harm
  • To prevent a player in a game from scoring a goal
  • To avoid the unnecessary waste of energy, etc.

would

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US / wʊd /

UK / wʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate something imagined
  • Used to ask or request something politely
  • Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
  • Used to indicate a preference
  • Used to indicate a reaction
  • Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
  • Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

announcement

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US / əˈnaʊnsmənt /

UK / əˈnaʊnsmənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of informing people about something publicly

can

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US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

oliver

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US / ˈɔlivə /

UK / ˈɑləvɚ /

A1
  • proper noun
  • The companion of Roland in the Chanson de Roland.

potentially

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US / pə'tenʃəlɪ /

UK / pəˈtɛnʃəlɪ /

B1
  • adverb
  • That could happen or become reality

towards

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US / tə'wɔ:dz /

UK / 'təuədz, twɔ:dz /

A1
  • preposition
  • In the direction of someone or something

apply

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US / ə'plaɪ /

UK / əˈplaɪ /

A1
  • verb
  • To spread a substance or liquid over a surface
  • To commit your time and effort to doing something
  • To make something useful in a certain situation
  • To be relevant for a situation
  • To ask formally for (job, permission etc.)

childhood

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US / ˈtʃaɪldhʊd /

UK / ˈtʃaɪldˌhʊd /

B1
  • noun
  • The time when you are a child

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

give

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US / ɡɪv /

UK / ɡɪv /

A1
  • noun
  • Degree of flexibility in something, a material
  • verb
  • To hand over or present something to someone
  • To cause someone to have or experience something

life

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US / laɪf /

UK / laɪf /

A1
  • noun
  • All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
  • Period of time things live, from birth to death

against

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US / əˈgenst /

UK / əˈɡenst /

A1
  • preposition
  • In physical contact with, as for support; next to
  • In opposition to; disagreeing with

deal

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US / di:l /

UK / dil /

A1
  • verb
  • To cope with something - usually troubles
  • To give (something bad e.g. news) to
  • To buy and sell illegal drugs
  • To give out (cards, etc.) to; distribute
  • To do business with someone or to sell products

now

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US / naʊ /

UK / naʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At the present time or moment
  • Right away or in the next possible moment
  • Used to refer to something that just happened
  • Time between the present and a moment in the past
  • conjunction
  • Resulting from or because of something

protein

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US / ˈprəʊti:n /

UK / ˈprəʊˌtiːn /

B1
  • noun
  • Group of molecules made from amino acids

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

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US / 'aʊə(r) /

UK / aʊr /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to us

laboratory

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US / lə'bɒrətrɪ /

UK / ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, -ˌtori /

B1
  • noun
  • A place to do scientific experiments

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

look

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US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

personalize

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US / ˈpɜ:sənəlaɪz /

UK / ˈpɜ:rsənəlaɪz /

C1
  • verb
  • To make personal or more personal

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

common

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US / 'kɒmən /

UK / ˈkɑmən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Shared; Belonging to or used by everyone
  • Typical, normal; not unusual
  • noun
  • Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
  • Field near a village owned by the local community

chance

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US / tʃɑ:ns /

UK / tʃæns /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Happening by luck; not planned
  • Taking a risk to try something
  • noun
  • The way something happens without planning
  • An opportunity; favorable circumstances, situation
  • The possibility that something will happen
  • verb
  • To occur just through luck; happen
  • To take a risk to try something

eligible

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US / ˈelɪdʒəbl /

UK / ˈɛlɪdʒəbəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Being able to be chosen or selected; suitable

receptor

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US / rɪˈseptə(r) /

UK / rɪˈseptər /

B2
  • noun
  • A nerve ending that changes stimuli into impulses

return

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US / rɪ'tɜ:n /

UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Do again; repeated
  • noun
  • Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
  • Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
  • Profit made as a result of a business activity
  • Process of going back to a previous way or state
  • verb
  • To hit something back to the other player or team
  • To come back after being away from somewhere
  • To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
  • To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
  • To occur again

acute

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US / əˈkju:t /

UK / əˈkjut /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • (Of an angle in math) of less than 90 degrees
  • Strong; very serious or severe

reprogrammed

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US / ˌriːˈprəʊgræmd /

UK / riˈproʊˌgræmd /

A1
  • verb
  • Program (a computer or something likened to one) again or differently.

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

hospital

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US / ˈhɒspɪtl /

UK / ˈhɑ:spɪtl /

A1
  • noun
  • Building for sick people, with doctors and nurses

option

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US / 'ɒpʃn /

UK / ˈɑpʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • A choice
  • Right to buy or sell at a certain price and time

work

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US / wɜ:k /

UK / wɚk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Activity completed in order to make money
  • noun
  • The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • Everything created by an author, artist, musician
  • Activity you do in order to make money
  • Place of employment
  • Final product or result of a some labor or effort
  • verb
  • To bring into a specific state of success
  • To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
  • To do your job in your company or workplace
  • To make an effort to do something
  • To operate a machine or device

zach

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US / ˌaʊtˈwɪt /

UK / aʊtˈwɪt /

A1

europe

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US / ˈjʊərəp /

UK / ˈjʊrəp /

A1
  • noun
  • A continent including Germany, France and Spain
  • other
  • The second smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use 'Europe' to re

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

form

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US / fɔ:m /

UK / fɔrm /

A1
  • noun
  • Sports team or person's current winning record
  • Document you complete when making an application
  • Visible shape or style; type; kind
  • verb
  • To organize something such as a club or group
  • To develop; to come into a shape or substance
  • To make something into a particular shape

doctor

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US / ˈdɒktə(r) /

UK / ˈdɑːktɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Person paid to help people become or stay healthy
  • Person awarded the highest university degree
  • verb
  • To treat someone's illness
  • To change something in order to trick someone

help

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US / help /

UK / hɛlp /

A1
  • noun
  • Something given to enable a person to do something
  • Assistance given to someone in need
  • Someone who makes something easier or possible
  • verb
  • To act to enable a person to do something; assist
  • To make something better or less difficult

landmark

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US / ˈlændmɑ:k /

UK / ˈlændmɑ:rk /

B1
  • noun
  • Event that marks a change or turning point
  • Easily recognizable structure that is easy to see

call

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US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

far

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US / fɑ:(r) /

UK / fɑr /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A long way away
  • Being a long way away
  • adverb
  • To a large degree or extent

radiation

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US / ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn /

UK / ˌrediˈeʃən /

B1
  • noun
  • Energy transmitted as rays, waves or particles
  • Process of emitting something in waves
  • Harmful waves of energy from nuclear activity

where

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US / hwɛə /

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

A1
  • conjunction
  • At or in the place which
  • In whatever place
  • pronoun
  • Word you use to ask the location of something

revolutionary

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US / ˌrevə'lu:ʃənərɪ /

UK / ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Marking a significant change in something
  • Relating to a violent replacement of a government
  • noun
  • Person fighting to replace a government

aggressive

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US / əˈgresɪv /

UK / əˈɡrɛsɪv /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Using energy and determination to achieve a goal
  • Behaving in a hostile and threatening way

cancer

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US / 'kænsə(r) /

UK / ˈkænsɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Any growth caused by abnormal cell division

only

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US / ˈəunli /

UK / ˈonli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
  • Not very important or serious
  • Just that type of thing, person
  • Short time ago; not before a certain time
  • conjunction
  • Except; but

rare

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US / reə(r) /

UK / rɛr /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • (Of meat) cooked, but still red and juicy
  • Unusual or out of the ordinary; not common

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

hope

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US / həʊp /

UK / hop /

A1
  • noun
  • When you wish something will happen; what you wish
  • verb
  • To expect and want something to happen

lot

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US / lɒt /

UK / lɑt /

A1
  • noun
  • What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • A group of people seen together
  • Item for sale at an auction
  • Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

money

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US / 'mʌnɪ /

UK / ˈmʌni /

A1
  • noun
  • Coins or notes we use to pay for things

environment

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US / ɪn'vaɪrənmənt /

UK / ɛnˈvaɪrənmənt, -ˈvaɪən- /

A1
  • noun
  • Natural world in which plants and animals live
  • The entire surrounding conditions of something

fail

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US / feɪl /

UK / fel /

A1
  • noun
  • A mark on a test showing you did not pass
  • verb
  • To be unsuccessful in passing a class or exam
  • To not do or provide something that is needed
  • To stop working or functioning; to break down
  • To not achieve a goal, or to go wrong

massive

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US / ˈmæsɪv /

UK / ˈmæsɪv /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Very big; large; too big

respond

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US / rɪ'spɒnd /

UK / rɪˈspɑnd /

A2
  • verb
  • To answer something or someone
  • To have a good reaction to e.g. medical treatment

reason

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US / 'ri:zn /

UK / ˈrizən /

A1
  • noun
  • Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
  • Explanation for why something occurred or was done
  • verb
  • To think and make conclusions in a logical manner

tom

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US / tɔm /

UK / tɑm /

A1
  • noun
  • Male cat
  • other
  • (Ethnic slur) Offensive and derogatory name for a Black man who is abjectly servile and deferential

drug

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US / drʌɡ /

UK / drʌɡ /

A2
  • noun
  • Illegal substance taken for effect on the mind
  • Chemical used as a medicine
  • verb
  • To give drugs to someone to make them sleep

itself

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US / ɪtˈself /

UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Referring to it

survival

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US / səˈvaɪvl /

UK / sɚˈvaɪvəl /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of continuing to exist when facing difficulty

chimeric

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US / kaɪˈmerɪk /

UK / kaɪˈmerɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being or relating to or like a chimera

day

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US / deɪ /

UK / de /

A1
  • noun
  • A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
  • The period of time when it is light outside
  • Person's name

available

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US / əˈveɪləbl /

UK / əˈveləbəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Present and able to be used
  • Able to be used at a scheduled time

here

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US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • adverb
  • In this place; at this location, position or time

new

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US / nju: /

UK / nu, nju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not old, recently born, built or made
  • Being or doing something for the first time
  • Not felt, seen or known previously
  • Having been recently bought or obtained

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

therapy

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US / 'θerəpɪ /

UK / ˈθɛrəpi /

B2
  • noun
  • Treatment to help cure an illness

hannah

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US / ˈhænə /

UK / ˈhænə /

A1

traditional

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US / trəˈdɪʃənl /

UK / trəˈdɪʃənəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Involved in a custom or event common to a people

per

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US / pə(r) /

UK / pɚ /

A2
  • preposition
  • In the manner directed or suggested
  • For each; during each

soon

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US / su:n /

UK / sun /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a time not long from now

news

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US / nju:z /

UK / nu:z /

A1
  • noun
  • Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
  • Information about recent events

dress

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US / dres /

UK / drɛs /

A1
  • noun
  • Women's garment with a top part and a skirt
  • Clothing suitable for a time period or occasion
  • verb
  • To prepare food (e.g. salad) before cooking or eating
  • To decorate something for display e.g. a mannequin
  • To put clothes on
  • To clean, care for and apply a cover to a wound

destroy

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US / dɪ'strɔɪ /

UK / dɪˈstrɔɪ /

A2
  • verb
  • To damage so badly that something no longer exists
  • To defeat someone or something easily
  • To kill a sick or unwanted animal

those

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US / ðəʊz /

UK / ðoz /

A1
  • determiner
  • The people or things we are talking about
  • pronoun
  • The objects far from the speaker

individual

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US / ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl /

UK / ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Made for use by one single person
  • Having a distinct manner different from others
  • noun
  • Single person, looked at separately from others

system

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US / 'sɪstəm /

UK / ˈsɪstəm /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Working in an organized, logical way
  • noun
  • Set of organized, planned ideas that work together

royal

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US / 'rɔɪəl /

UK / ˈrɔɪəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Excellent or grand; suitable for a king or queen
  • Concerning a king or queen
  • Used in some titles of noble persons, places
  • Introduction to Video Content
  • Children with rare and aggressive forms of cancer could be offered a potential cure through revolutionary immune cell therapy known as CAR-T. Traditional drugs have a limited success rate for these patients, with only a 25% chance of responding. However, CAR-T therapy has the potential to significantly increase survival rates, with some patients having a 60 to 80% chance of survival. For four-year-old Zach Oliver, who has a rare form of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, this treatment offers hope for a cure. Currently, Zach could only receive NHS treatment if his condition worsens, but his mother is hopeful about accessing CAR-T therapy in the US. In England, CAR-T therapy is now available for patients who have exhausted all other treatment options. This groundbreaking therapy involves taking T-cells from the patient's blood and reprogramming them in the lab to recognize and destroy cancer cells. The Royal Free Hospital in London is a leading facility in Europe for manufacturing CAR-T cells. Although currently effective against blood cancers, researchers are working towards applying CAR-T therapy to more common tumor types. Personalized cell therapies like CAR-T require specialized expertise and are expensive, with the cost of one treatment being over £280,000 per patient. Today marks a significant milestone in cancer therapy, particularly for childhood leukemia.
  • Subtitles section
  • Four-year-old Zach Oliver has a rare form of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
  • His mum Hannah has been told he only has a 25% chance of responding to traditional drugs.
  • But revolutionary immune cell therapy could cure him.
  • It means that we have hope that he could live.
  • He could.
  • That could save his life.
  • You know, to have a 60 to 80% chance of survival.
  • When we've been dealt a hand of 25%, that's like a miracle drug.
  • Zach would only be eligible for NHS treatment if his cancer worsens.
  • His mum is hoping to take him to the US to get CAR-T sooner.
  • But the therapy is now available in England for those patients where all options have failed.
  • CAR-T has the potential to cure aggressive leukaemia that traditional drugs cannot.
  • Immune cells called T-cells are taken via blood from the patient.
  • They're then reprogrammed in the lab to make a protein called chimeric antigen receptor or CAR.
  • The new CAR-T cells are then returned to the patient with the power to recognise and destroy cancer cells.
  • This laboratory at the Royal Free Hospital in London is the busiest in Europe making cell therapies like CAR-T. The reason I'm dressed up like this is it's an ultra-clean environment where an individual patient's cells are being tailor-made to fight their cancer.
  • So far, CAR-T cells only work against blood cancers.
  • But researchers here and elsewhere are looking at applying them to more common tumour types, making today's announcement a big step forward.
  • It's massive and this is a landmark day for therapy of potentially all forms of cancer, but in the first instance, childhood leukaemia.
  • Personalised cell therapies require a lot of expertise and money to make.
  • Kimriah, the US product given the go-ahead today, costs more than £280,000 per patient.
  • Right now, doctors treat cancer with drugs and radiation, but the future is them helping our immune system to fight it itself.
  • And today was an important step towards it.
  • Tom Clark, ITV News.